Assessing deep learning model robustness for banana ripeness classification under varying illumination conditions Luis E. Chuquimarca, Boris X. Vintimilla, Sergio A. Velastin Smart Agricultural Technology, 2025 The classification of banana ripeness is critical for the external assessment of fruit quality in automated inspection systems. This study investigates the robustness of deep learning models under varying illumination conditions, utilizing a dataset of real banana images captured in multiple lighting scenarios. Models were trained and evaluated with gamma-based illumination augmentation generated through the Low-light Image Enhancement model to simulate realistic variability. Although training on pristine images yields high baseline accuracy, the models exhibit pronounced performance drops under altered illumination, highlighting significant overfitting issues. Augmentation substantially improves robustness, but the degree of improvement is architecture-dependent and does not fully mitigate vulnerabilities under extreme lighting conditions. Furthermore, the trade-offs between model complexity, inference efficiency, and generalization capacity are critically analyzed, revealing constraints for real-time and resource-limited applications. In particular, baseline accuracies reached an average of 92.5 % under ideal lighting (I0), with ViT scoring 93.13 % and InceptionV3 trailing at 89.84 %. Under moderate gamma augmentation ( Γ = 0.4 ), performance dropped by up to 11.8 percentage points (InceptionV3: from 89.84 % to 77.63 %). Training with augmented data restored accuracy by 8.3 pp on average, with InceptionV3 recovering to 91.88 % and ViT maintaining 92.90 %. Inference times ranged from 2.08 ms (ViT) to 3.89 ms (InceptionV3), demonstrating feasibility for real-time deployment. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating environmental variability into evaluation protocols to ensure a reliable deployment of automated grading systems in practical scenarios.
Automation of Energy-Efficient Motorized Valves in Clean Product Storage Terminals Using ISA-101 Recommendations and PlantPAx Architecture Luis Chuquimarca-Jiménez, Kleber Lalaleo-Saltos, Óscar Gómez-Morales Etcm 2025 9th Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting, 2025 Remote valve operation in fuel terminals poses a critical challenge in industrial automation, often resulting in delays, excessive energy consumption, and safety hazards due to manual intervention. Existing systems frequently lack standardized interfaces and integration protocols, which limits operational efficiency and process reliability. This work presents the design and implementation of an automated system for the remote control of motorized valves in product storage tanks, developed in accordance with the ANSI/ISA-101.01-2015 standard. The proposed architecture integrates Rockwell Automation’s Logix Designer for PLC programming, FactoryTalk View HMI with PlantPAx standards, and Modbus TCP/IP communication via the Prosoft MVI56E-MNETR module. The system was validated through simulation using Factory I/O, replicating the operating conditions of a clean product terminal. The results indicate significant improvements: energy savings of 849.79 kWh in filling operations and 567.22 kWh in discharge, along with maintenance cycle reductions from five to two filter changes per year. These findings demonstrate enhanced operational reliability, reduced human risk, and increased sustainability. Moreover, the proposed approach is adaptable to similar industrial contexts, providing a replicable model aligned with current automation standards and energy-efficiency objectives.
A review of external quality inspection for fruit grading using CNN models Luis E. Chuquimarca, Boris X. Vintimilla, Sergio A. Velastin Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture, 2024 This article reviews the state of the art of recent CNN models used for external quality inspection of fruits, considering parameters such as color, shape, size, and defects, used to categorize fruits according to international marketing levels of agricultural products. The literature review considers the number of fruit images in different datasets, the type of images used by the CNN models, the performance results obtained by each CNNs, the optimizers that help increase the accuracy of these, and the use of pre-trained CNN models used for transfer learning. CNN models have used various types of images in the visible, infrared, hyperspectral, and multispectral bands. Furthermore, the fruit image datasets used are either real or synthetic. Finally, several tables summarize the articles reviewed, which are prioritized according to inspection parameters, facilitating a critical comparison of each work. • Automated fruit grading: the key to ensuring quality and market competitiveness. • State of the art: critical review of CNN models in fruit quality inspection • Dataset challenges: use of public data, synthetic images, and data volume • Four key categories: ripeness, deformities, defects, and grading applications
Implementation of a remote laboratory focused on the development of industrial automation practices L. Chuquimarca, W. Torres, J. Sánchez, L. Amaya Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 2024 The article explores the use of telecommunications applications in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting employment and education. Technical fields like electronics and automation faced significant challenges as students required access to crucial laboratories for hands-on learning. The proposal to establish a remote laboratory focused on industrial automation emerged in response. This initiative aims to complement the academic pursuits of students and educators in electronics and automation. The project utilizes advanced networking technologies such as VPN and RDP to provide students with controlled and secure access to fully equipped workstations, including computers, programmable automation controllers, variable frequency drives, HMI, and other essential devices for practical exercises. The article meticulously details the architecture and implementation of the remote laboratory, offering a comprehensive overview of remotely conducted practical activities. This innovative approach ensures equitable access to high-quality education, preparing students for an ever-evolving professional landscape.
Classifying Healthy and Defective Fruits with a Multi-Input Architecture and CNN Models Luis Chuquimarca, Boris Vintimilla, Sergio Velastin 2024 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems Icprs 2024, 2024 This study presents an investigation into the utilization of a Multi-Input architecture for the classification of fruits (apples and mangoes) into healthy and defective states, employing both RGB and silhouette images. The primary aim is to enhance the accuracy of CNN models. The methodology encompasses image acquisition, preprocessing of datasets, training, and evaluation of two CNN models: MobileNetV2 and VGG16. Results reveal that the inclusion of silhouette images alongside the MultiInput architecture yields models with superior performance compared to using only RGB images for fruit classification, whether healthy or defective. Specifically, optimal results were achieved using the MobileNetV2 model, achieving 100% accuracy. This finding suggests the efficacy of this combined methodology in improving the precise classification of healthy or defective fruits, which could have significant implications for applications related to external quality inspection of fruits.
Development of a Mouse for Individuals Without Upper Limbs Using Arduino Technology Alfonso Gunsha-Morales, Luis Enrique Chuquimarca Jimenez, Pedro Pardo, David Herrera 2nd International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering Ic Etite 2024, 2024 This project centers around creating a prototype mouse utilizing the Arduino platform, aimed at enhancing computer accessibility for individuals lacking upper limb mobility. The prototype comprises a microcontroller responsible for processing signals from the MPU-6050 sensor, used as a reference for cursor position, and foot-operated buttons for right and left-click functions. Its design enables cursor control through head movements, providing users with an easy and intuitive way to interact with the computer's graphical interface. Feasibility testing was conducted through experimental trials, resulting in ideal accuracy and precision. These trials indicate that the device is viable for use in individuals without upper limbs.
KALMAN FILTER APPLIED TO A DIFFERENTIAL ROBOT Sendey Vera Gonzalez Facsistel, Luis Chuquimarca Jiménez Facsistel, Douglas Plaza Fiec 2023 1st International Conference on Circuits Power and Intelligent Systems Ccpis 2023, 2023
Fruit Defect Detection Using CNN Models with Real and Virtual Data Renzo Pacheco, Paula González, Luis Chuquimarca, Boris Vintimilla, Sergio Velastin Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Computer Vision Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications, 2023
Identification of Bus Stations on the Urban Transport Network Based on GPS Tracking Data Washington Daniel Torres Guin, Luis Enrique Chuquimarca Jiménez, Samuel Baldomero Bustos Gaibor, José Miguel Sánchez Aquino, Marjorie Alexandra Coronel Suárez Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 2023
Mobile IoT device for BPM monitoring people with heart problems Luis Chuquimarca, Dahyana Roca, Washington Torres, Luis Amaya, Jaime Orozco, David Sanchez 2nd International Conference on Electrical Communication and Computer Engineering Icecce 2020, 2020
Implementation of the pineaplle tetra module for an audit process through impersonation of aps in the 2.4 and 5 ghz band in the telecommunications laboratory of the electronics and telecommunications career Risti Revista Iberica De Sistemas E Tecnologias De Informacao, 2020
Classification of Fruit Defects Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Multispectral Imaging GS Yaguana Mendoza, EL Auria Perez, LE Chuquimarca Jiménez, ... Available at SSRN 5896613 , 2025 2025
Design and Simulation of a Conveyor Belt System for the Respective Classification of Boxes According to Size JC Cruz Fajardo, LE Chuquimarca Jiménez, G Delgado Vergara, ... Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Evaluation and Correction of a GPON Network in a University Telecommunications Laboratory LMA Fariño, FVC Macas, LEC Jimenez, MJ Infante, J Rivera International Conference on Advanced Research in Technologies, Information … , 2025 2025
Design and Implementation of an Artificial Vision System on Board a BlueROV Underwater Robot for Starfish Detection S Vera González, L Chuquimarca Jiménez, L Dela A Salinas, ... International Conference on Advanced Research in Technologies, Information … , 2025 2025
Automation of Energy-Efficient Motorized Valves in Clean Product Storage Terminals Using ISA-101 Recommendations and PlantPAx Architecture L Chuquimarca-Jiménez, K Lalaleo-Saltos, Ó Gómez-Morales 2025 IEEE Ninth Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM), 1-4 , 2025 2025
Assessing deep learning model robustness for banana ripeness classification under varying illumination conditions LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin Smart Agricultural Technology, 101333 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Pedagogical Challenges of Generative AI in Academic Writing T Guarda, L Chuquimarca, MF Augusto International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, 411-421 , 2025 2025
Implementation of an Electronic Monitoring Device Using Computer Vision for Non-Invasive Respiratory Rate Measurement D Sánchez, L Chuquimarca, Ó Gómez, M Montaño, M Salcedo 2024 IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applied Network … , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
A review of external quality inspection for fruit grading using CNN models LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 14, 1-20 , 2024 2024 Citations: 68
Fruit deformity classification through single-input and multi-input architectures based on CNN models using real and synthetic images TD Beltran, RJ Villao, LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin Iberoamerican Congress on Pattern Recognition, 46-62 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Efficient Forecasting of Residential Electrical Loads for Sustainable Demand Planning in Smart Grids LC Jimenez, MM Blacio, OG Morales, DDP Tomala, WT Guin 2024 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy … , 2024 2024
Enhancing Apple’s defect classification: insights from visible spectrum and narrow spectral band imaging O Coello, M Coronel, D Carpio, B Vintimilla, L Chuquimarca 2024 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS), 1-6 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Classifying healthy and defective fruits with a multi-input architecture and CNN models L Chuquimarca, B Vintimilla, S Velastin 2024 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS), 1-7 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Automated Quality Control System for Canned Tuna Production Using Artificial Vision SV Gonza’Lez, LC Jimenez, WGG Given, BV Noboa, CS Enderica 2024 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence For Internet of … , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Development of a Mouse for Individuals Without Upper Limbs Using Arduino Technology A Gunsha-Morales, LEC Jimenez, P Pardo, D Herrera 2024 Second International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information … , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Implementation of a remote laboratory focused on the development of industrial automation practices L Chuquimarca, W Torres, J Sánchez, L Amaya Journal of applied research and technology 22 (4), 479-487 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Empowering Low-Power Wide-Area Networks: Unlocking the Potential of Sigfox in Local Transmission MM Blacio, VG Santos, DJ Chamba, WT Guin, LC Jiménez International Conference on Advanced Research in Technologies, Information … , 2023 2023 Citations: 9
KALMAN FILTER APPLIED TO A DIFFERENTIAL ROBOT SVG Facsistel, LCJ Facsistel, DP Fiec 2023 1st International Conference on Circuits, Power and Intelligent Systems … , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Identification of Bus Stations on the Urban Transport Network Based on GPS Tracking Data WDT Guin, LEC Jiménez, SBB Gaibor, JMS Aquino, MAC Suárez International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, 110-122 , 2023 2023
Banana Ripeness Level Classification Using a Simple CNN Model Trained with Real and Synthetic Datasets L Chuquimarca, B Vintimilla, S Velastin Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision … , 2023 2023 Citations: 35
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
A review of external quality inspection for fruit grading using CNN models LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 14, 1-20 , 2024 2024 Citations: 68
Banana Ripeness Level Classification Using a Simple CNN Model Trained with Real and Synthetic Datasets L Chuquimarca, B Vintimilla, S Velastin Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision … , 2023 2023 Citations: 35
Mobile IoT device for BPM monitoring people with heart problems L Chuquimarca, D Roca, W Torres, L Amaya, J Orozco, D Sánchez 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer … , 2020 2020 Citations: 28
Classifying healthy and defective fruits with a multi-input architecture and CNN models L Chuquimarca, B Vintimilla, S Velastin 2024 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS), 1-7 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Comprehensive study of the Discrete Fourier Transform for the analysis of digital signals D Jaramillo Chamba, L Chuquimarca Jiménez Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE (RCTU) 9 (1), 75-84 , 2022 2022 Citations: 16
Fruit Defect Detection Using CNN Models with Real and Virtual Data. R Pacheco, P González, LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin VISIGRAPP (4: VISAPP), 272-279 , 2023 2023 Citations: 15
Electronic simulation of the GAL22V10 microprocessor using Proteus software based VHDL to virtualize integrated circuits LE Chuquimarca Jimenez, P Suárez Ricardo, F López Silva Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE (RCTU) 8, 107-115 , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
Mask detection for COVID-19 through of Deep Learning using OpenCV and Cascade Trainer GUI L Chuquimarca Jiménez, S Pinzón Tituana, A Rosales Pincay Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE (RCTU) 8 (1), 68-73 , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
Empowering Low-Power Wide-Area Networks: Unlocking the Potential of Sigfox in Local Transmission MM Blacio, VG Santos, DJ Chamba, WT Guin, LC Jiménez International Conference on Advanced Research in Technologies, Information … , 2023 2023 Citations: 9
Enhancing Apple’s defect classification: insights from visible spectrum and narrow spectral band imaging O Coello, M Coronel, D Carpio, B Vintimilla, L Chuquimarca 2024 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS), 1-6 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Evaluation of Data Transfer from PLC to Cloud Platforms-Based Real-Time Monitoring Using the Industrial Internet of Things L Chuquimarca, A Asencio, W Torres, S Bustos, J Sánchez, C Saldaña Information and Knowledge in Internet of Things, 331-344 , 2021 2021 Citations: 6
Development of Network System for Connection PLC to Cloud Platforms Using IIoT L Chuquimarca, A Asencio, W Torres, S Bustos, J Sánchez International Conference on Advances in Digital Science, 433-443 , 2021 2021 Citations: 6
Design and Simulation of a Conveyor Belt System for the Respective Classification of Boxes According to Size JC Cruz Fajardo, LE Chuquimarca Jiménez, G Delgado Vergara, ... Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Fruit deformity classification through single-input and multi-input architectures based on CNN models using real and synthetic images TD Beltran, RJ Villao, LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin Iberoamerican Congress on Pattern Recognition, 46-62 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Development of a Mouse for Individuals Without Upper Limbs Using Arduino Technology A Gunsha-Morales, LEC Jimenez, P Pardo, D Herrera 2024 Second International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information … , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Implementation of a remote laboratory focused on the development of industrial automation practices L Chuquimarca, W Torres, J Sánchez, L Amaya Journal of applied research and technology 22 (4), 479-487 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Automated Quality Control System for Canned Tuna Production Using Artificial Vision SV Gonza’Lez, LC Jimenez, WGG Given, BV Noboa, CS Enderica 2024 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence For Internet of … , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Study of feature extraction methods for BCI applications M León, D Orellana, L Chuquimarca, X Acaro The International Conference on Advances in Emerging Trends and Technologies … , 2019 2019 Citations: 3
Assessing deep learning model robustness for banana ripeness classification under varying illumination conditions LE Chuquimarca, BX Vintimilla, SA Velastin Smart Agricultural Technology, 101333 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Identification of mango fruit maturity using robust industrial devices and open-source devices applying artificial vision SB Bustos Gaibor, LE Chuquimarca Jiménez, JM Sánchez Aquino, ... International Conference on Advanced Research in Technologies, Information … , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
