An Investigation on Yellow (Sinapis alba) and Black (Brassica nigra) Mustard Seed Extracts: Antioxidant, Anticholinergic Activities, and Phenolic Analysis via Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Leyla Polat Köse Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2025 In this study, the biological activities of water and ethanol extracts from Sinapis alba and Brassica nigra seeds were evaluated using various bioanalytical methods and spectrophotometric analyses. Antioxidant capacities were assessed through cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, and ferric ion reducing assays, while radical scavenging abilities were evaluated using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)• and 2,2’‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonate) diammonium salt (ABTS)•+ assays. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were quantified as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and quercetin equivalents (QE), respectively. Additionally, anticholinergic activity was determined by Ellman's method. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of phenolic compounds in extracts were performed using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Reference standards were employed for the comparison. The half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of S. alba and B. nigra seed extracts were in the range 1199–1799 µg/mL for DPPH• and 786.6–1259 µg/mL for ABTS•+ radical scavenging activities. TPC levels for S. alba and B. nigra water and ethanol extracts varied between 12.35 and 28.82 mg GAE/g extract, while TFC values ranged from 12.18 to 28.36 mg QE/g extract. The extracts also showed potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects, with IC50 values in the range of 0.167–0.194 µg/mL. These significant biological activities are attributed to the rich phytochemical composition of the seed extracts, indicating their potential as natural sources of antioxidant and anticholinergic agents.
In vitro anticancer, antioxidant and chelating activities of natural organosulfur compounds originated from türkiye: An investigation on breast and colorectal cancer cells ÜMMÜGÜLSÜM POLAT KORKUNÇ, HİLAL ÇALIK, LEYLA POLAT KÖSE, RABİA ÇAKIR KOÇ, EMİNE KARAKUŞ Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 2025 Background/aim:Taşköprü garlic, cultivated in the Taşköprü region of Kastamonu province, is a very famous in Türkiye.This study aimed to determine the anticancer and antioxidant effects of extracts from Kastamonu Taşköprü garlic on human breast cancer and colorectal cancer cells.Materials and methods:Taşköprü garlic, which contains natural organosulfur compounds, has a geographical registration. Taşköprü garlic, which contains natural organosulfur compounds (OSCs), has a geographical registration.Garlic contains oil- and water-soluble OSCs known to exhibit anticancer activity by interfering with MCF-7 and Caco-2 proliferation and tumor metastasis. In this study, the antiproliferative activity of oil- and water-soluble garlic extracts with and without glutathione at different concentrations was evaluated using the XTT assay on NIH/3T3, MCF-7, and Caco-2 cell lines for 24 hours. In addition, the reducing capacity,radical scavenging activity, and metal chelation activity of OSCs in Taşköprü garlic were analysed.Results:Both oil- and water-soluble garlic extracts significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 and Caco-2 in a dose-dependent manner after a 24 h incubation.The half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) values of OSCs and positive controls for N,N- dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine cation (DMPD•+) radical removal and 2,2'-bipyridyl-Fe2+ chelation activity were 129.593-1004.346 and 165.065-495.195 μg/mL, respectively.Then, the reducing impact of OSCs and positive controls were evaluated by the cupric ion (Cu2+) reducing capabilities.All reported results were compared with the positive controls.Conclusion:The findings revealed that oil-soluble garlic extracts exhibited anticancer properties against both Caco-2 and MCF-7 cancer cells, without inducing any cytotoxicity in non-cancerous NIH/3T3.In addition, water-soluble extracts have higher antiproliferative activity on Caco-2 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner compared to oil-soluble extracts, nevertheless, they also showed notable cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells.OSCs were not very active in reduction and radical scavenging tests,but their chelating activity was significantly good.These results suggested that both water-soluble and oil-soluble garlic extracts have a promising anticancer potential against both MCF-7 and Caco-2.
Identification of hCA I, hCA II, AChE and BChE Inhibitory Properties of Some Norcantharimide Derivatives; Molecular Docking, SAR and in silico ADME Studies Leyla Polat Köse, Aytekin Köse Chemistryselect, 2024 (3aR,4S,7R,7aS)‐2‐Alkyl/aryl‐3a,4,7,7a‐tetrahydro‐1H‐4,7‐epoxyisoindole‐1,3(2H)‐diones, which are norcantharimide derivatives, were synthesized and their effects on carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I) and II (hCA II), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity were investigated. For enzyme activity studies, hCA I and II isoenzymes purified from human erythrocytes and the commercially available enzymes AChE and BChE, which are both markers and significantly affect the known symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, were used. The two derivatives exerted efficient inhibition with IC50=4.530 nM (Ki=4.483) and 4.426 nM (Ki=4.696) against hCA I and with IC50=3.825 nM (Ki=3.854) and 3.457 nM (Ki=3.292) against hCA II, respectively. The another two derivatives exerted considerable inhibition with IC50=0.526 nM (Ki=0.224) and 0.575 nM (Ki=0.292) against AChE and with IC50=0.135 nM (Ki=0.057) and IC50=0.180 nM (Ki=0.070) against BChE, respectively. The compounds showed activity at the nanomolar level. These remarkable inhibition results were compared with those of standard inhibitors (acetazolamide for hCA I and II and tacrine for AChE and BChE) of each enzyme, reported, and graphed. In addition, molecular docking studies were carried out by in silico methods and the structure–activity relationship was discussed. The poses of compound 4 c are presented along with the ligand–receptor interaction against all metabolic enzymes.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity, Anticholinergic and Antidiabetic Activities, and Phenolic Ingredients of Asphodelus aestivus by LC–MS/MS Leyla Polat Köse Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2024 Herein, it was aimed to evaluate three different extracts of the plant Asphodelus aestivus in terms of their antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, flavonoid profile, and anticholinergic and antidiabetic activity. In addition, the phenolic content of the A. aestivus extracts was determined by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. The results obtained in the antioxidant studies were checked against butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, Trolox, and α‐tocopherol antioxidants, which are reference standards. The half‐maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) values of A. aestivus for 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl and 2,2'‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) removal activity were 245.015–285.851 and 285.818–371.563 μg/mL, respectively. Then, the reducing impact of A. aestivus extracts was evaluated by the cupric ion (Cu2+), ferric ion (Fe3+), and Fe3+‐TPTZ reducing capabilities. Moreover, 0.058, 0.064, and 0.100 μg of gallic acid equivalent of phenolic and 0.500, 1.212, and 2.074 μg of quercetin equivalent of flavonoid contents were determined from 1 mg of ethanol, water, and water–ethanol extracts, respectively. For water–ethanol, ethanol, and water extracts of A. aestivus, IC50 values of 0.062±0.0001, 0.068±0.0002, and 0.090±0.0001 μg/mL against acetylcholinesterase, respectively, were calculated. In addition, against the enzyme α‐glucosidase IC50 values of 16.376±0.2216, 18.907±0.3004, and 24.471±0.4929 μg/mL, respectively, were calculated. Extracts showed considerable biological activities thanks to the important molecules they contain.
An Insight into the Asymmetric Resolution of 1-Aminoindane Derivatives Akın Akıncıoğlu, Yusuf Akbaba, Leyla Polat Köse, Süleyman Göksu Chemistryselect, 2023 Compounds with 1‐aminoindane motif exhibit vital biological activities in the central nervous system. Therefore, it is very important to synthesize new compounds with this moiety and to obtain them in high enantiopurity. In this study, novel substituted 1‐aminoindane derivatives were synthesized, and their asymmetric resolutions were carried out. Accordingly, the reduction of 1‐indanones with NaBH4, conversion of alcohols to azides via an alternative Mitsunobu reaction followed by reduction of azides afforded (±)‐1‐aminoindane hydrochloride or hydrobromide salts. Amine salts were converted into their free amines by using excess amount of Et3N and then in situ occurred free (±)‐amines were reacted with (R)‐O‐acetylmandeloyl chloride to give diastereomeric mixtures. The crystallization of the diastereomeric mixtures followed by hydrolysis yielded the corresponding asymmetric amines with high enantio‐purity.
Screening of Carbonic Anhydrase, Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, and α-Glycosidase Enzyme Inhibition Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Coumestrol Lokman Durmaz, Adem Erturk, Mehmet Akyüz, Leyla Polat Kose, Eda Mehtap Uc, Zeynebe Bingol, Ruya Saglamtas, Saleh Alwasel, İlhami Gulcin Molecules, 2022 Coumestrol (3,9-dihydroxy-6-benzofuran [3,2-c] chromenone) as a phytoestrogen and polyphenolic compound is a member of the Coumestans family and is quite common in plants. In this study, antiglaucoma, antidiabetic, anticholinergic, and antioxidant effects of Coumestrol were evaluated and compared with standards. To determine the antioxidant activity of coumestrol, several methods—namely N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride radical (DMPD•+)-scavenging activity, 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) radical (ABTS•+)-scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•)-scavenging activity, potassium ferric cyanide reduction ability, and cupric ion (Cu2+)-reducing activity—were performed. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Trolox, α-Tocopherol, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were used as the reference antioxidants for comparison. Coumestrol scavenged the DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 25.95 μg/mL (r2: 0.9005) while BHA, BHT, Trolox, and α-Tocopherol demonstrated IC50 values of 10.10, 25.95, 7.059, and 11.31 μg/mL, respectively. When these results evaluated, Coumestrol had similar DPPH•-scavenging effect to BHT and lower better than Trolox, BHA and α-tocopherol. In addition, the inhibition effects of Coumestrol were tested against the metabolic enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and α-glycosidase, which are associated with some global diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), glaucoma, and diabetes. Coumestrol exhibited Ki values of 10.25 ± 1.94, 5.99 ± 1.79, 25.41 ± 1.10, and 30.56 ± 3.36 nM towards these enzymes, respectively.
Evaluation of the antioxidant and antiradical properties of some phyto and mammalian lignans Leyla Polat Kose, İlhami Gulcin Molecules, 2021 In this study, the antioxidant and antiradical properties of some phyto lignans (nordihydroguaiaretic acid, secoisolariciresinol, secoisolariciresinol diglycoside, and α-(-)-conidendrin) and mammalian lignans (enterodiol and enterolactone) were examined by different antioxidant assays. For this purpose, radical scavenging activities of phyto and mammalian lignans were realized by 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical (ABTS•+) scavenging assay and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging assay. Additionally, the reducing ability of phyto and mammalian lignans were evaluated by cupric ions (Cu2+) reducing (CUPRAC) ability, and ferric ions (Fe3+) and [Fe3+-(TPTZ)2]3+ complex reducing (FRAP) abilities. Also, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined and reported for DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging influences of all of the lignan molecules. The absorbances of the lignans were found in the range of 0.150–2.320 for Fe3+ reducing, in the range of 0.040–2.090 for Cu2+ reducing, and in the range of 0.360–1.810 for the FRAP assay. On the other hand, the IC50 values of phyto and mammalian lignans were determined in the ranges of 6.601–932.167 µg/mL for DPPH• scavenging and 13.007–27.829 µg/mL for ABTS•+ scavenging. In all of the used bioanalytical methods, phyto lignans, as secondary metabolites in plants, demonstrated considerably higher antioxidant activity compared to that of mammalian lignans. In addition, it was observed that enterodiol and enterolactone exhibited relatively weaker antioxidant activities when compared to phyto lignans or standard antioxidants, including butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Trolox, and α-tocopherol.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 1-naphthol derivatives as antioxidants, acetylcholinesterase, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Musa Erdoğan, Leyla Polat Köse, Selçuk Eşsiz, İlhami Gülçin Archiv Der Pharmazie, 2021 A series of some naphthol derivatives 4a–f, 5a,f, 6a, and 7a,b (six novel ones: 4c,d, 5a, 6a, 7a,b) bearing F, Cl, Br, OMe, and dioxole substituents at different positions of the aromatic rings was designed, synthesized, and characterized. The naphthol derivatives were synthesized in three steps, namely the addition reaction of furan via Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction, copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (Cu(OTf)2)‐catalyzed aromatization reaction, and the bromination reaction, respectively. The structures of the newly obtained compounds (4c,d, 5a, 6a, 7a,b) were characterized by spectroscopic techniques. In addition, some biological activity studies were investigated under in vitro conditions. Inhibition studies of these compounds were performed on human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II isoenzymes purified from human erythrocytes as a biological evaluation. Moreover, their potential antioxidant and antiradical activities were studied by analytical methods like ABTS•+ and DPPH• scavenging, and it was determined that some molecules showed good activity. Also, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is a marker of many degenerative neurological diseases, was tested and the results were discussed. Excellent enzyme inhibition results were recorded for most of the molecules. These 1‐naphthol derivatives were found as effective inhibitors for hCA I, hCA II, and AChE with K i values ranging from 0.034 ± 0.54 to 0.724 ± 0.18 µM for hCA I, 0.172 ± 0.02 to 0.562 ± 0.21 µM for hCA II, and 0.096 ± 0.01 to 0.177 ± 0.02 µM for AChE.
Synthesis and paroxonase activities of novel bromophenols Yusuf Akbaba, Cüneyt Türkeş, Leyla Polat, Hakan Söyüt, Ertan Şahin, Abdullah Menzek, Süleyman Göksu, Şükrü Beydemir Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2013
