Chemical Engineering, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Biomaterials, Food Science
26
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Influence of Different Carrier Agents on the Physical, Chemical, Bioactive, and Colorimetric Properties of White Acai Powders Produced via Freeze Drying and Spouted Bed Drying Hellen Carvalho Barros, Dilson Nazareno Pereira Cardoso, Elza Brandão Santana, Willison Eduardo Oliveira Campos, Rafael Alves do Nascimento, Cristiane Maria Leal Costa, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria Journal of Food Process Engineering, 2025 The different carrier agents used in the production of powdered products result in their distinct physicochemical features. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the influence of four carrier agents (modified starch, MS; maltodextrin, MA; gum arabic, GA; and hydrolyzed collagen, HC) on the production of white acai (WA) powder via freeze drying and spouted bed drying. The yield, moisture content, total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AAT), hygroscopicity, solubility, fluidity, color, and chemical structures of all WA powders were evaluated. The yield (≥ 75.40%) and moisture content (≤ 4.93 g 100 g−1) of freeze‐dried powders did not differ statistically (p > 0.05), regardless of the carrier agent used. The addition of MS or HC to spouted bed drying increased the yield (≥ 42.70%), and the moisture content of the corresponding WA‐HC powder was ≥ 6.00 g 100 g−1. The WA‐MS powders were least soluble (≤ 48.96%) and hygroscopic (≤ 13.73 g 100 g−1). The WA‐MA and WA‐GA powders showed higher TPC (≥ 8.52 mg EAG g−1) and AAT (≥ 42.75 μmol ET g−1). In addition, they were more soluble (≥ 94.36%), hygroscopic (11%–15% according to the Carr index), and preserved the original color of the pulp better than those of the other formulations. The chemical structures of all WA powders were the same as those of the WA pulp. This indicates the efficient encapsulation of bioactive compounds and the preservation of the functional groups of the original raw material, even after drying. The findings highlight WA powder for diversifying açaí‐derived products and suggest potential process improvements.
Removal of Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin from Aqueous Solution with Activated Carbon from Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Bark Rafael Alves do Nascimento, Nilson dos Reis de Oliveira Novaes, Demetrius Pereira Morilla, Patricia Teresa Souza da Luz, Cristiane Maria Leal Costa, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria Molecules, 2024 The widespread use of antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones (FQs) has raised environmental and health concerns. This study is innovative as we investigate the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR) from water using activated carbon derived from cupuaçu bark (CAC). This previously discarded biomass is now a low-cost raw material for the production of activated carbon, boosting the local economy. CAC was physiochemically characterized, and adsorption experiments were designed using the Box–Behnken design to assess the effects of contact time, adsorbate concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the removal efficiency and adsorption capacity. The optimal conditions were determined using the desirability function, and kinetic, isothermal, and thermodynamic experiments were performed. CAC showed a 50.22% yield, low humidity (4.81%), and low ash content (4.27%), with acidic functional groups dominating. The surface area was 1335.66 m2/g, with an average pore volume of 0.753 cm3/g and a pore diameter of 2.206 nm. Adsorption was most effective at pH 5.0 due to electrostatic interactions between the basic adsorbent and cationic forms of CIP and NOR. Optimal conditions yielded adsorption capacities of 6.02 mg/g for CIP and 5.70 mg/g for NOR, with the Langmuir model suggesting monolayer adsorption. The regeneration with NaOH was effective, but the adsorption efficiency decreased below 50% after two cycles. These findings demonstrate that CAC is a sustainable, low-cost adsorbent for treating antibiotic-contaminated water.
Use of biomass from Amazonian agro-industrial waste for the production of energy Keila Diniz Campos, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria, Elisângela Lima Andrade, José Odiney dos Santos Sousa, Leiliane Cristina Cardoso Araújo, Osnan Lennon Lameira Silva, Maria Regina Sarkis Peixoto Joele Revista Brasileira De Geografia Fisica, 2024 This research aims to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of briquettes made by açaí, cupuaçu, and murumuru waste from agro-industrial activity in a region of the Brazilian Amazon. For the production of briquettes, biomass with different granulometry (48, 60, 65, and 80 mesh) was sent to hydraulic pressure at constant pressure (15t) with various pressing times (15, 20 and 30 minutes). This process occurred without the addition of binders. The obtained outcomes were evaluated for storage time, bulk density, energy density, calorific value, impact strength, water absorption, and mechanical durability. The briquettes produced with açaí and cupuaçu presented good mechanical characteristics compared to murumuru. Concerning the calorific value, the latter showed better results. There was no alteration in the physical and mechanical properties determinant for the material to present favorable energy generation and durability. The açaí briquettes demonstrated better physical and mechanical properties, while murumuru briquettes indicated the best energy properties. Thus, the use of biomass from different agro-industrial wastes from the Amazon proved to be relevant for the elaboration of briquettes, being an alternative in the production of sustainable energy and adding to the reduction of the accumulation of improper waste disposed of in the environment.
SARS-CoV-2 external structures interacting with nanospheres using docking and molecular dynamics Anderson Yuri Martins da Silva, Tiago da Silva Arouche, Marcelo Ricardo Souza Siqueira, Teodorico Castro Ramalho, Lenio Jose Guerreiro de Faria, Rodrigo do Monte Gester, Raul Nunes de Carvalho Junior, Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira, Antonio Maia de Jesus Chaves Neto Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2024 Coronavirus is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has shown rapid proliferation and scarcity of treatments with proven effectiveness. In this way, we simulated the hospitalization of carbon nanospheres, with external active sites of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (M-Pro, S-Gly and E-Pro), which can be adsorbed or inactivated when interacting with the nanospheres. The computational procedures performed in this work were developed with the SwissDock server for molecular docking and the GROMACS software for molecular dynamics, making it possible to extract relevant data on affinity energy, distance between molecules, free Gibbs energy and mean square deviation of atomic positions, surface area accessible to solvents. Molecular docking indicates that all ligands have an affinity for the receptor's active sites. The nanospheres interact favorably with all proteins, showing promising results, especially C60, which presented the best affinity energy and RMSD values for all protein macromolecules investigated. The C60 with E-Pro exhibited the highest affinity energy of -9.361 kcal/mol, demonstrating stability in both molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Our RMSD calculations indicated that the nanospheres remained predominantly stable, fluctuating within a range of 2 to 3 Å. Additionally, the analysis of other structures yielded promising results that hold potential for application in other proteases.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Effects of Harvest Time and Hydrodistillation Time on Yield, Composition, and Antioxidant Activity of Mint Essential Oil Samara de Paula Pinheiro Menezes Marques, Rafaela Oliveira Pinheiro, Rafael Alves do Nascimento, Eloísa Helena de Aguiar Andrade, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria Molecules, 2023 In this study, we assessed the effects of different harvest times (9 a.m., 1 p.m., and 5 p.m.) and hydrodistillation times (60, 90, and 120 min) on the yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of the spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) essential oil (EO) sourced from the Amazon region. EO yield was ≥1.55% and was not significantly influenced (p ≥ 0.05) by the different harvest times and hydrodistillation times. Thirty-one different organic compounds were identified, of which menthol (91.56–95.68%), menthone (0.6–2.72%), and isomenthone (0.55–1.46%) were the major constituents. The highest menthol content in the EO was obtained from samples collected at 9 a.m., with a hydrodistillation time of 60–90 min, compared to other harvest and hydrodistillation times. This suggests that exposure to sun and light, which is greater at harvest times of 1 p.m. and 5 p.m., decreased the menthol content and altered the chemical composition of Mentha EO. Furthermore, the sample harvested at 9 a.m. and hydrodistilled for 60 min showed the highest antioxidant activity (61.67 equivalent mg of Trolox per g of EO), indicating that antioxidant activity is strongly affected by light exposure and the contact duration of the sample with boiling water during hydrodistillation.
Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater Aiming Fertilizer Production: Struvite Precipitation Optimization Using a Sequential Plackett–Burman and Doehlert Design Paulo Victor Campos, Rômulo Simões Angélica, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria, Simone Patrícia Aranha Da Paz Processes, 2023 The precipitation of struvite from wastewater is a potential alternative for the recovery of nutrients, especially phosphorus, which is an essential macronutrient for agriculture but can be harmful to the environment when improperly disposed of in water bodies. In addition, struvite has elements of great added value for agricultural activity (P, N, and Mg) and is, therefore, considered a sustainable alternative fertilizer. In its formation process, several intervening physicochemical factors may be responsible for the production yield levels. Optimization processes can help to define and direct the factors that truly matter for precipitation. In this context, a sequential design of experiments (DOE) methodology was applied to select and optimize the main struvite precipitation factors in wastewater. Initially, a screening was performed with eight factors with the aid of Plackett–Burman design, and the factors with a real influence on the process were identified. Then, a Doehlert design was used for optimization by applying the response surface methodology and the desirability function. The results were used to identify the optimal points of the pH (10.2), N/P ratio (≥4), and initial phosphorus concentration (183.5 mg/L); these values had a greater effect on phosphorus recovery and the production of struvite, which was confirmed through thermochemical analysis of the decomposition of its structure by differential scanning calorimeter—glass transition temperature (DSC-TG) and phase identification by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The determination of the best synthesis conditions is an enormous contribution to the control of the process because these conditions lead to better yields and higher levels of phosphorus recovery.
Influence of a Biological Soaking in the Presence of Microbes on the Tensile Strength of Açaí Fibers Antonio de Lima Mesquita, Felipe Nascimento Arroyo, André Luis Christoforo, Francisco Antônio Rocco Lahr, Nubia Garzon Barrero, Elza Brandão Santana, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria Bioresources, 2023 In order to contribute to the dissemination of lignocellulosic residues in the composite materials manufacturing, this study aimed to investigate the influence of a soaking in the presence of natural bacteria and fungi on the resistance to axial traction of açaí fibers (Euterpe oleracea Mart.). The stipulated factors and levels were the source of water, i.e., Rio Guamá, Pará Sanitation Company COSANPA and Cassava, as a catalyst and the mass concentration of water on the açaí cores, i.e., 2%, 4%, 6%. In this way, 9 different experimental conditions were performed, together with the reference condition, i.e., açaí fibers without the soaking. In all, 200 specimens were cast, with 10 of each composition. The analysis of variance results revealed that the individual factors were not significant in obtaining the axial tensile strength, providing equivalent results regardless of the concentration and type of water. However, the interaction between the factors was considered significant, showing that the best treatment for the fibers came from the use of 2% cassava scraps. The axial tensile strength was 47% greater than the axial tensile strength obtained from the reference sample. Furthermore, 59% surpassed the reference sample, showing the efficiency of the soaking in the presence of natural bacteria and fungi treatment.
Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Pouteria macrophylla Fruit Extract, a Natural Source of Gallic Acid Raioní K. Pantoja, Camila Fernanda B. Albuquerque, Rafael A. do Nascimento, Lênio José G. De Faria, José Guilherme S. Maia, William N. Setzer, Tais Gratieri, Joyce Kelly R. da Silva Molecules, 2023 Pouteria macrophylla (cutite) fruits are rich in phenolic acids, resulting in antioxidant and skin depigmenting activity. The aim of this study, then, is to evaluate the cutite extract stability under three variations of light, time, and temperature using a Box–Behnken experimental design to analyze through the surface response the variations of the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA), and gallic acid content (GA). A colorimetric assay was also performed, and a decrease in the darkening index was noticed due to the high phenolic coloration in the presence of light, indicating less degradation to extract stability. The experimental planning showed variations in all responses, and second-order polynomial models were calculated and considered predictable, as well as the effects were significant. The TPC exhibited a variation in less concentrated samples (0.5% p/v) at higher temperatures (90 °C). In contrast, the temperature was the only influential variable for AA, where only higher temperatures (60–90 °C) were able to destabilize the fruit extract. Differently, GA showed only the concentration as the influential variable, exhibiting that neither temperature nor time of exposure could affect the gallic acid content stability of P. macrophylla extract. For this, P. macrophylla extract was shown to be highly stable, providing a great perspective on cosmetic application.