PhD, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia
Master degree Universitatea Tehnica a Moldovei
Electronic Engineering Universitatea Tehnica a Moldovei
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Education, Biomedical Engineering, Multidisciplinary
110
Scopus Publications
1340
Scholar Citations
16
Scholar h-index
31
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Automatic Detection of Inter-Turn Short-Circuit in Dry-Type Transformers Through the Analysis of Leakage Flux Components Daniel Cruz-Ramírez, Israel Zamudio-Ramírez, Larisa Dunai, Jose Alfonso Antonino-Daviu Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2026 Dry-type electrical transformers are essential components in commercial, industrial, and residential power distribution systems, as they adapt voltage levels required by a broad range of load types. Although they are robustly constructed, they are exposed to adverse operational and environmental conditions such as dust, humidity, and electrical disturbances that may cause premature winding damage, such as inter-turn short circuits. This study focuses on the detection of inter-turn short-circuit faults in a 15 kVA commercial dry-type transformer, where a fault equivalent to 11.54% of short-circuited turns was induced in the tap changers. Axial, radial, and rotational leakage magnetic flux signals were captured using a low-cost, non-invasive triaxial Hall-effect magnetic flux sensor. During data processing, Fisher Score feature selection was applied to identify the most relevant indicators. Subsequently, feature extraction techniques, including Linear Discriminant Analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection, and Isometric Mapping, were evaluated. The technique that best preserved global and local data structures was selected using Trustworthiness, Spearman’s correlation, and Kruskal’s stress metrics. PCA was selected as the optimal technique based on these quality metrics, achieving the highest classification performance. The resulting subspace data were classified using support vector machines and applying K-fold cross-validation. The proposed system achieved classification accuracies above 95%, with high recall and F1-score values, for inter-turn fault detection in each winding, confirming its effectiveness for reliable inter-turn fault detection in each transformer winding.
Development of a Modular Bionic Hand with Intuitive Control and Thumb Opposition Larisa Dunai, Isabel Seguí Verdú, Alba Rey De Viñas Redondo, Lilia Sava Prosthesis, 2026 Background/Objectives: Hand loss or severe impairment significantly reduces quality of life by restricting essential daily activities and professional tasks. Despite advances in prosthetics, challenges remain in affordability, accessibility, and usability. This study aimed to design and develop a low-cost, ergonomic bionic hand prototype that integrates sustainable fabrication, intuitive control, and modular electronics. Methods: A user-centred design process guided by iterative prototyping, anatomical modelling, and functional validation. The prototype was manufactured using 3D printing techniques and assembled with modular electronic components. The design included segmented fingers, independent thumb articulation, and a tendon-like actuation system driven by micro-motors. Control was implemented through an ESP32-based board and a Bluetooth-enabled mobile application. Durability was preliminarily assessed through 500 grasp–release cycles. Results: Experimental validation confirmed the feasibility of both precision and power grips. The pinch grip successfully lifted objects to 120 g, and the power grip up to 85 g, corresponding to effective output forces of approximately 1.2 N and 0.83 N, respectively. The final prototype weighed ~350 g and maintained reliable performance during 500 grasp–release cycles. Conclusions: The developed bionic hand demonstrates that an affordable, ergonomic, and functional prosthetic can be achieved through sustainable 3D printing and accessible electronics. Future work will focus on enhancing actuation strength, long-term durability, and integration of sensory feedback, with the long-term objective of clinical testing and scalable production.
Gamification in Digital Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Engagement–Efficacy–Ethics Trilemma Harold Ngabo-Woods, Larisa Dunai, Isabel Seguí Verdú, Valentina Tîrșu Information Switzerland, 2026 Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) offer a scalable solution to the global mental health crisis, yet their real-world impact is often hampered by low user engagement. Gamification has been widely adopted as a strategy to enhance adherence, but its implementation creates a complex and often unacknowledged “Engagement–Efficacy–Ethics Trilemma”. This systematic review synthesises the current literature to deconstruct this trilemma, arguing that an uncritical focus on maximising engagement can fail to improve—or may even undermine—clinical efficacy, while simultaneously introducing significant ethical risks. Our analysis reveals a persistent “Engagement–Efficacy Gap”, where increased usage of mobile health applications (mHealth apps) does not consistently translate to better therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, we map the ethical landscape, identifying potential harms such as manipulation, psychological distress, and privacy violations that arise from persuasive design. The roles of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in personalising these experiences and Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) in mediating user responses are critically examined as key factors that both amplify and potentially mitigate the tensions of the trilemma. The findings indicate a pressing need for a paradigm shift toward an integrated approach that concurrently evaluates engagement, efficacy, and ethical integrity. We conclude by proposing a framework for responsible innovation, emphasising theory-driven design, co-design with users, and prioritising intrinsic motivation to harness the potential of gamified DMHIs safely and effectively. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO for studies published between 2015 and 2025.
Vibration and Stray Flux Signal Fusion for Corrosion Damage Detection in Rolling Bearings Using Ensemble Learning Algorithms José Pablo Pacheco-Guerrero, Israel Zamudio-Ramírez, Larisa Dunai, Jose Alfonso Antonino-Daviu Sensors, 2026 Early fault diagnosis in induction motors is important to maintain correct operation in terms of energy and efficiency, as well as to achieve a reduction in costs associated with maintenance or unexpected stoppages in production processes. These motors are widely used in industry due to their reliability, low cost, and great robustness; however, over time, they may be exposed to wear that can affect their performance, endanger the integrity of operators, or cause unexpected shutdowns that generate economic losses. Corrosion in the bearings is one of the most common failures, which is mainly triggered by high humidity in combination with high temperatures. However, despite its relevance, it has not been widely explored as a cause of failure in induction motors. Unlike failures that occur in specific or localized areas, corrosion in bearings does not manifest through specific frequencies associated with the phenomenon, since the corrosion occurs extensively on the surface of the raceway, making early diagnosis difficult with conventional techniques based on spectral analysis. Therefore, this work proposes an approach for the analysis of magnetic stray flux and vibration signals under different levels of corrosion using statistical and non-statistical parameters to capture variations in the dynamic behavior of the motors while employing genetic algorithms to select the most relevant parameters for each signal and optimize the configuration of an ensemble learning algorithm. The classification of the bearing condition is achieved using support vector machines in combination with the bagging method, which increases the robustness and accuracy of the model in the presence of signal variability. A classification accuracy between the healthy state and two gradualities greater than 99% was obtained, indicating that the proposed approach is reliable and efficient for corrosion diagnosis.
A Multimodal Framework for Prognostic Modelling of Mental Health Treatment and Recovery Trajectories Harold Ngabo-Woods, Larisa Dunai, Isabel Seguí Verdú, Sui Liang Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2026 The clinical management of major depressive disorder is constrained by a trial-and-error approach. The clinical management of major depressive disorder is constrained by a trial-and-error approach. While computational methods have focused on static binary classification (e.g., responder vs. non-responder), they ignore the dynamic nature of recovery. Building upon the recently proposed prognostic theory of treatment response, this article presents a methodological framework for its operationalisation. We define a multi-modal data architecture for the theory’s core constructs—the Patient State Vector (PSV), Therapeutic Impulse Function (TIF), and Predicted Recovery Trajectory (PRT)—transforming them from abstract concepts into specified computational inputs. To model the asynchronous interactions between these components, we specify a Time-Aware Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture, providing explicit mathematical formulations for time-decay gates to handle irregular clinical sampling. Furthermore, we outline a synthetic validation protocol to benchmark this dynamic approach against static baselines. By integrating these technical specifications with a translational pipeline for Explainable AI (XAI) and ethical governance, this paper provides the necessary blueprint to transition psychiatry from theoretical prognosis to empirical forecasting.
A Prognostic Theory of Treatment Response for Major Depressive Disorder: A Dynamic Systems Framework for Forecasting Clinical Trajectories Harold Ngabo-Woods, Larisa Dunai, Isabel Seguí Verdú Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2025 The clinical management of major depressive disorder remains hampered by a trial-and-error approach to treatment selection, a challenge that current diagnostic and static predictive models have failed to address. While artificial intelligence (AI) applications have focused on classifying a patient’s present state, they lack the ability to forecast the trajectory of their future response. This study addresses this critical gap by proposing a new theoretical framework that conceptualises depression treatment response as a complex dynamic system. Drawing a powerful analogy from the engineering field of structural health monitoring and damage prognosis, which forecasts the remaining useful life of a system, we shift the paradigm from diagnosis to prognosis. We introduce three core constructs: the Patient State Vector (PSV), a multimodal baseline of a patient’s clinical, biological, and digital phenotype; the Therapeutic Impulse Function (TIF), a formal representation of a treatment’s properties; and the Predicted Recovery Trajectory (PRT), the forecasted path of symptom severity over time. The central thesis of the framework is that a patient’s PRT emerges from the dynamic interaction between their initial PSV and a given TIF. We present a series of testable propositions, such as how early fluctuations in PRT can classify patients into distinct “dynamic phenotypes” predictive of long-term outcomes. By integrating mechanisms across neurobiology, behaviour, and pharmacology within an SHM-inspired framework, this prognostic theory aims to provide a new systems-based paradigm for personalised psychiatry, moving beyond static prediction to a mechanistic understanding of recovery. This cross-disciplinary adaptation illustrates how SHM-derived principles of state assessment, load modelling, and prognosis can inform new frontiers in predictive health modelling.
TrailMap: Pheromone-Based Adaptive Peer Matching for Sustainable Online Support Communities Harold Ngabo-Woods, Larisa Dunai, Isabel Seguí Verdú, Dinu Turcanu Biomimetics, 2025 Online peer support platforms are vital, scalable resources for mental health, yet their effectiveness is frequently undermined by inefficient user matching, severe participation inequality, and subsequent “super-helper” burnout. This study introduces TrailMap, a novel peer-matching algorithm inspired by the decentralised foraging strategies of ant colonies. By treating user interactions as paths that gain or lose “pheromone” based on helpfulness ratings, the system enables the community to collectively and adaptively identify its most effective helpers. A two-phase validation study was conducted. First, an agent-based simulation demonstrated that TrailMap reduced the mean time to a helpful response by over 70% and improved workload equity compared to random routing. Second, a four-week randomised controlled pilot study with human participants confirmed these gains, showing a 76% reduction in median wait time and significantly higher perceived helpfulness ratings. The findings suggest that by balancing the workload, TrailMap enhances not only the efficiency but also the socio-technical sustainability of online support communities. TrailMap provides a practical, nature-inspired method for building more resilient and equitable online support communities, enhancing access to effective mental health support.
Real-Time Digital Twins for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis and Condition-Based Monitoring of Electrical Machines † Shahin Hedayati Kia, Larisa Dunai, José Alfonso Antonino-Daviu, Hubert Razik Energies, 2025 This article presents an overview of selected research focusing on digital real-time simulation (DRTS) in the context of digital twin (DT) realization with the primary aim of enabling the intelligent fault diagnosis (FD) and condition-based monitoring (CBM) of electrical machines. The concept of standalone DTs in conventional multiphysics digital offline simulations (DoSs) is widely utilized during the conceptualization and development phases of electrical machine manufacturing and processing, particularly for virtual testing under both standard and extreme operating conditions, as well as for aging assessments and lifecycle analysis. Recent advancements in data communication and information technologies, including virtual reality, cloud computing, parallel processing, machine learning, big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT), have facilitated the creation of real-time DTs based on physics-based (PHYB), circuit-oriented lumped-parameter (COLP), and data-driven approaches, as well as physics-informed machine learning (PIML), which is a combination of these models. These models are distinguished by their ability to enable real-time bidirectional data exchange with physical electrical machines. This article proposes a predictive-level framework with a particular emphasis on real-time multiphysics modeling to enhance the efficiency of the FD and CBM of electrical machines, which play a crucial role in various industrial applications.
Experiences on Project Based Learning Education Larisa Dunai Dunai, José A. Antonino Daviu, Lilia Sava, Pedro Fuentes Dura 2023 IEEE 10th International Conference on E Learning in Industrial Electronics Icelie 2023, 2023
E-Learning in Industrial Electronics during Covid-19 Larisa Dunai, Joao Martins, Kazuhiro Umetani, Oscar Lucia, Yousef Ibrahim, Gayan Kahandawa Appuhamillage Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2021
Design and development of an acoustic object detector device for blind people Interciencia, 2015
Face detection and recognition application for Android Monica Chillaron, Larisa Dunai, Guillermo Peris Fajarnes, Ismael Lengua Lengua IECON 2015 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2015
Obstacle detectors for visually impaired people Larisa Dunai Dunai, Ismael Lengua Lengua, Ignacio Tortajada, Fernando Brusola Simon 2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment Optim 2014, 2014
CASBHP - A new cognitive object detection and orientation system for impaired people 4th International Conference on Cognitive Systems Cogsys 2010, 2010
Disparity maps for free path detection Visapp 2010 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, 2010
Evolution study and new techniques of finite element analysis applied to the design of ceramic floorings Boletin De La Sociedad Espanola De Ceramica Y Vidrio, 2009
Perception of the sound source position Larisa Dunai, Guillermo Peris Fajarnes, Beatriz Defez Garcia, Nuria Ortigosa Araque, Fernando Brusola Simon Acoustical Physics, 2009
Automatic Detection of Inter-Turn Short-Circuit in Dry-Type Transformers Through the Analysis of Leakage Flux Components D Cruz-Ramírez, I Zamudio-Ramírez, L Dunai, JA Antonino-Daviu Applied Sciences 16 (7), 3505 , 2026 2026
Development of a Modular Bionic Hand with Intuitive Control and Thumb Opposition L Dunai, IS Verdú, ARDV Redondo, L Sava Prosthesis 8 (3), 29 , 2026 2026
Gamification in Digital Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Engagement–Efficacy–Ethics Trilemma H Ngabo-Woods, L Dunai, IS Verdú, V Tîrșu Information 17 (2), 168 , 2026 2026 Citations: 2
A Multimodal Framework for Prognostic Modelling of Mental Health Treatment and Recovery Trajectories H Ngabo-Woods, L Dunai, IS Verdú, S Liang Applied Sciences 16 (2), 763 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Vibration and Stray Flux Signal Fusion for Corrosion Damage Detection in Rolling Bearings Using Ensemble Learning Algorithms JP Pacheco-Guerrero, I Zamudio-Ramírez, L Dunai, JA Antonino-Daviu Sensors 26 (1), 233 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
A Prognostic Theory of Treatment Response for Major Depressive Disorder: A Dynamic Systems Framework for Forecasting Clinical Trajectories H Ngabo-Woods, L Dunai, IS Verdú Applied Sciences 15 (23), 12524 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Enhancing digital mental health platforms: a usability exploration with ergonomics design students H Ngabo-Woods, L Dunai, I Seguí Verdú Mental Health and Digital Technologies 2 (3), 259-277 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Towards interpretable failure detection in induction motors via stray magnetic flux and fuzzy inference L Morales-Velazquez, AY Jaen-Cuellar, J Cureño-Osornio, L Dunai, ... IECON 2025–51st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society … , 2025 2025
Advanced Laboratory Setups for Education on Electric Motors Commissioning JA Antonino-Daviu, JER Sarrió, L Dunai, I Zamudio-Ramirez, ... 2025 IEEE 12th International Conference on E-Learning in Industrial … , 2025 2025
Effect of Load Variations on Rotor Rotational-related Frequency amplitudes in Induction Motor Current Signals with Eccentricity Faults C Zamudio-Ramirez, I Cueva-Perez, V Biot-Monterde, L Dunai, ... IECON 2025–51st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society … , 2025 2025
TrailMap: Pheromone-Based Adaptive Peer Matching for Sustainable Online Support Communities H Ngabo-Woods, L Dunai, IS Verdú, D Turcanu Biomimetics 10 (10), 658 , 2025 2025
Real-Time Digital Twins for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis and Condition-Based Monitoring of Electrical Machines†. S Hedayati Kia, L Dunai, JA Antonino-Daviu, H Razik Energies (19961073) 18 (17) , 2025 2025 Citations: 11
Misalignment Diagnosis in Induction Motors by Analyzing the Stray Flux Magnitude Trajectory CA Alvarez-Ugalde, J Cureño-Osornio, I Zamudio-Ramirez, L Dunai, ... 2025 IEEE Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics … , 2025 2025
Stray Flux Signal Analysis for Bearing Fault Detection in Induction Motors: A Chaos-Based Approach G Avalos-Almazan, GS Aguayo-Tapia, J de Jesus Rangel-Magdaleno, ... 2025 IEEE Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics … , 2025 2025
A Novel Visualization Methodology for Characterizing Magnetic Flux Sensors in Induction Motors: Discrimination Properties Insights L Morales-Velazquez, G Díaz-Saldaña, AY Jaen-Cuellar, JE Ruiz-Sarrio, ... 2025 IEEE Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics … , 2025 2025
Real-Time Simulation for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis and Condition-Based Monitoring of Electrical Machines L Dunai, AD JA, H Razik 2025
ERGONOMIC DESIGN OF AN INTELLIGENT ROBOTIC WALKER BASED ON USER PERCEPTION AND NEEDS. I Seguí-Verdú, L Dunai, V Vyatkin, D Turcanu DYNA-Ingeniería e Industria 100 (4) , 2025 2025
Ergonomic Design Considerations for Next-Generation Smart Walkers: Enhancing Mobility and Safety Ergonomic Design Aspects of WalkIES Robotic Walker Development L Dunai, I Seguí-Verdú, L Sui, EM Burguera Sierra International conference on The Digital Transformation in the Graphic … , 2025 2025
Design and Development of an Affordable, Ergonomic Bionic Hand for Improved Daily Functionality IS Verdú, AR De Viñas Redondo, L Dunai, L Tarocher International conference on The Digital Transformation in the Graphic … , 2025 2025
Artificial Neuronal Network for Surface EMG Signal Processing L Dunai, IS Verdú, L Sava, D Țurcanu 2025 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Human interaural time difference thresholds for sine tones: The high-frequency limit A Brughera, L Dunai, WM Hartmann The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133 (5), 2839-2855 , 2013 2013 Citations: 284
Human hand anatomy-based prosthetic hand L Dunai, M Novak, C García Espert Sensors 21 (1), 137 , 2020 2020 Citations: 111
Real-time assistance prototype—A new navigation aid for blind people L Dunai, GP Fajarnes, VS Praderas, BD Garcia, IL Lengua IECON 2010-36th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society … , 2010 2010 Citations: 95
Euro banknote recognition system for blind people L Dunai Dunai, M Chillarón Pérez, G Peris-Fajarnés, I Lengua Lengua Sensors 17 (1), 184 , 2017 2017 Citations: 72
Obstacle detectors for visually impaired people LD Dunai, IL Lengua, I Tortajada, FB Simon 2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic … , 2014 2014 Citations: 51
Sensory navigation device for blind people L Dunai, G Peris-Fajarnés, E Lluna, B Defez The Journal of Navigation 66 (3), 349-362 , 2013 2013 Citations: 50
3D CMOS sensor based acoustic object detection and navigation system for blind people L Dunai, BD Garcia, I Lengua, G Peris-Fajarnés IECON 2012-38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society … , 2012 2012 Citations: 39
CASBLiP-a new cognitive object detection and orientation system for impaired people GP Fajarnes, L Dunai, VS Praderas, I Dunai Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Systems, ETH … , 2010 2010 Citations: 36
Empirical assessment of machine learning techniques for software requirements risk prediction R Naseem, Z Shaukat, M Irfan, MA Shah, A Ahmad, F Muhammad, ... Electronics 10 (2), 168 , 2021 2021 Citations: 33
Detection of field winding faults in synchronous motors via analysis of transient stray fluxes and currents P Tian, J Antonino-Daviu, CA Platero, L Dunai IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 36 (3), 2330-2338 , 2020 2020 Citations: 33
Data fusion system for electric motors condition monitoring: an innovative solution RA Osornio-Rios, I Zamudio-Ramirez, AY Jaen-Cuellar, J Antonino-Daviu, ... IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 17 (4), 4-16 , 2023 2023 Citations: 30
Automatic classification of winding asymmetries in wound rotor induction motors based on bicoherence and fuzzy C-means algorithms of stray flux signals MEI Martínez, JA Antonino-Daviu, PF de Cordoba, JA Conejero, L Dunai IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 57 (6), 5876-5886 , 2021 2021 Citations: 23
Dispositivo de navegación para personas invidentes basado en la tecnología time of flight I Lengua, L Dunai, G Peris Fajarnés, B Defez Dyna 80 (179), 33-41 , 2013 2013 Citations: 21
Detection of uniform gearbox wear in induction motors based on the analysis of stray flux signals through statistical time-domain features and dimensionality reduction techniques I Zamudio-Ramirez, JJ Saucedo-Dorantes, J Antonino-Daviu, ... IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 58 (4), 4648-4656 , 2022 2022 Citations: 19
Virtual sound localization by blind people L Dunai, I Lengua, G Peris-Fajarnés, F Brusola Archives of Acoustics, 561-567-561-567 , 2015 2015 Citations: 18
E-learning in industrial electronics during covid-19 L Dunai, J Martins, K Umetani, O Lucia, Y Ibrahim, GK Appuhamillage 2021 22nd IEEE international conference on industrial technology (ICIT) 1 … , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Tracking of high-order stray-flux harmonics under starting for the detection of winding asymmetries in wound-rotor induction motors I Zamudio-Ramirez, JA Antonino-Daviu, RA Osornio-Rios, L Dunai IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 69 (8), 8463-8471 , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
Diseño de un exoesqueleto de extremidades inferiores L Dunai, I Lengua, G Peris Fajarnes, B Defez Garcia DYNA: Ingeniería e Industria 94 (3), 297-303 , 2019 2019 Citations: 14
Face detection and recognition application for Android M Chillaron, L Dunai, GP Fajarnes, IL Lengua IECON 2015-41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society … , 2015 2015 Citations: 14
Emerging trends in industrial electronics: A cross-disciplinary view O Lucia, J She, AC Chen, Z Cheng, MY Chow, L Dunai, M Hilairet, ... IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 15 (1), 127-139 , 2021 2021 Citations: 12