Multidisciplinary, Engineering, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
40
Scopus Publications
102
Scholar Citations
6
Scholar h-index
4
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Scopus Publications
Multi-YOLO Comparative Deep Learning-integrated Robotic System for Precision Weed Control in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tirthankar Mohanty, Priyabrata Pattanaik, Subhaprada Dash, Hara Prasada Tripathy, Sudhansu S. Sahoo, William Holderbaum Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 2026 Background: Traditional weed management in rice farming relies heavily on herbicides and labor-intensive manual practices, which are often costly, inefficient and environmentally unsustainable. The lack of precision in conventional approaches results in excessive chemical use, crop damage and inconsistent weed control. To address these challenges, intelligent robotic systems integrated with artificial intelligence offer a promising pathway toward sustainable and precise weed management. Methods: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of a modular autonomous robotic platform that integrates advanced mechatronic design with AI-driven visual intelligence for rice-field weed management. Three deep learning models, YOLO v5, v7 and v8, were trained on rice weed image datasets for real-time weed detection and classification. Advanced image-processing algorithms were employed for crop-weed discrimination and row guidance. The robotic platform, powered by an NVIDIA Jetson Nano and planetary gear motors, features a dual-action mechanical subsystem consisting of a rotary weed cutter for physical removal and a cultivator–incorporator for in-situ biomass mixing. Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Farm of Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (SOA) University, Odisha, India. Result: The robotic platform demonstrated stable real-time navigation, achieving a lateral tracking deviation of approximately ±2 cm under controlled test conditions and less than 5 cm in field environments, as quantified by measuring the robot’s offset from the crop-row centreline at fixed reference intervals. Field trials demonstrated approximately 95% weed control efficiency and less than 2% crop damage. Compared with conventional practices, the robotic system reduced herbicide use by nearly 70% while maintaining stable operation under representative paddy-field conditions. Detection accuracy and field-level weed-removal efficiency are distinct evaluation metrics. The proposed AI-integrated robotic platform demonstrates strong potential for precision weed management in rice cultivation. By combining deep-learning-based vision with a robust mechatronic framework, the system significantly reduces chemical dependency, improves weed-control accuracy and enhances environmental sustainability. This work highlights a viable pathway to scalable, eco-friendly automation in paddy-field agriculture.
Smart robotic system guided with YOLOv5 based machine learning framework for efficient herbicide usage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under precision agriculture Tirthankar Mohanty, Priyabrata Pattanaik, Subhaprada Dash, Hara Prasada Tripathy, William Holderbaum Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2025 Conventional weed control methods, reliant on machinery and/or herbicide application, often incurred substantial expenses and yielded imprecise results. An innovative specialised weed control robotic method for accurate and minimal herbicide use is proposed to tackle these issues. Implementing robotic herbicide spraying, weed removal, and incorporation mechanisms along with the image recognition algorithm were introduced, leveraging intelligent automation to reduce costs and environmental hazards. Through image processing, weeds were pointed out and targeted for control in the rice field. A YOLOv5 machine learning framework underwent training using relevant datasets to facilitate precise weed management. The AI-driven robotic system, incorporating advanced image recognition capabilities, exhibited remarkable precision and swiftness, outperforming much better than manual labour in weed removal. This advancement in weed control technology helps farmers to optimise crop productivity, bolster food output, and address the ecological consequences linked with various chemicals; efforts were made to develop a prototype robotic system, which was subsequently built and evaluated in authentic agricultural settings. Experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Farm of SOA University, Binjhagiri, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, in a rice field, demonstrating the remarkable accuracy of the robotic system, with a minimal 2% variance from the actual weed quantities. This research highlights the promise of AI-powered weed management solutions in rice cultivation, offering economical and accurate weed detection and elimination functionalities. The robot demonstrates a superior weed control rate of 95%. In addition, the system’s performance in incorporating the weeds is at a rate of 90%. It also serves as a blueprint for integrating AI into contemporary agriculture, steering the sector toward a more eco-conscious and economically sustainable future. The AI-driven solution for weed management revolutionises farming practices, equipping farmers with the tools for bountiful yields, increased economic viability, and a commitment to environmental stewardship. This underscores the imperative to prioritise scaling this innovative approach within both industrial and commercial agricultural sectors.
Modulation in the Electrical and Microstructural Characteristics of MOS Device using Ni-doped TiO2 thin Film Prajna Lopamudra, Hara Prasada Tripathy, Sameer Ranjan Biswal, Somesh Sabat, Kiran Kumar Sahoo, Anurag Gartia, Tanmoy Parida, Diana Pradhan Semiconductors, 2025 Abstract In the development of thin-film transistors, two key priorities have been set: lowering the gate oxide’s thickness and ensuring an oxide/semiconductor interface with free of defects. To meet the demands of device miniaturization, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has become a popular choice as an important high-k dielectric material in metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. In spite of its wide bandgap of 3.3 eV, TiO2 exhibits remarkable dielectric characteristics. Its physical and chemical characteristics are significantly influenced by factors such as crystal phase, particle size, and morphology. This research focuses on the impact of Ni doping in TiO2 thin films by varying its concentrations for potential applications in future compact devices. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Current-voltage (I-V), and Capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements were conducted to investigate the consequences of Ni-doped TiO2 thin film. From the C-V measurements, the dielectric constant, oxide charge density, and interface trap density were calculated. The objective is to develop high-quality Ni-doped TiO2 thin films with different Ni concentrations, aimed at enhancing the performance of future miniaturized metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices.
Next Generation Self-Sanitising Face Coverings: Nanomaterials and Smart Thermo-Regulation Systems Priyabrata Pattanaik, Prabhuraj D. Venkatraman, Hara Prasada Tripathy, Jonathan A. Butler, Dilip Kumar Mishra, William Holderbaum Textiles, 2025 Face masks are essential pieces of personal protective equipment for preventing inhalation of airborne pathogens and aerosols. Various face masks are used to prevent the spread of virus contamination, including blue surgical and N95 filtering masks intended for single use. Traditional face masks with self-sanitisation features have an average filtration efficiency of 50% against airborne viruses. Incorporating nanomaterials in face masks can enhance their filtration efficiency; however, using nanomaterials combined with thermal heaters can offer up to 99% efficiency. Bacterial contamination is reduced through a self-sterilisation method that employs nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties and thermoregulation as a sanitisation process. By combining functional nanomaterials with conductive and functional polymeric materials, smart textiles can sense and act on airborne viruses. This research evaluates the evidence behind the effectiveness of nanomaterials and thermoregulation-based smart textiles used in self-sanitising face masks, as well as their potential, as they overcome the shortcomings of conventional face masks. It also highlights the challenges associated with embedding textiles within nanomaterials. Finally, it makes recommendations regarding safety, reusability, and enhancing the protection of the wearer from the environment and underscores the benefits of reusable masks, which would otherwise pollute the environment. These self-sanitising face masks are environmentally sustainable and ideal for healthcare, the food industry, packaging, and manufacturing.
Utilization of biomass ash generated from combined heat and power generation system as a multi-nutrient source for crops Tirthankar Mohanty, Subhaprada Dash, Priyabrata Pattanaik, Hara Prasada Tripathy, J.M.L. Gulati, Dilip Kumar Mishra, William Holderbaum International Journal of Thermofluids, 2025 The present study on the development of a protocol to obtain plant nutrients from biomass ash was carried out in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, as part of the laboratory study. The study addresses the dual challenges of managing biomass from agricultural waste, fertility towards its use as plant health tonic vis-a-vis crop nutritional needs in an eco-friendly manner and also utilizing the heat evolved during the combined heat and power (CHP) generation system can also be utilized to produce bio-energy. Biomass ash, a valuable by-product of CHP systems, contains essential nutrients that can be repurposed to improve crop nutrition and soil health. The current gap lies in the need for systematic methods to convert this ash into compelling multi-nutrient compositions for agricultural use by developing a standardized process. The protocol includes the collection of crop residues like rice, maize and groundnut from the homogenous fields of respective crops at harvest as part of the initial study. The crop residue was mixed separately in a proper manner to obtain a consolidated composite sample for each crop. These samples were sun-dried for 72 h to remove the excess moisture as part of partial drying and then burned in earthen pots in open condition to obtain ash sample and collected separately for each crop. From the stock sample, 8 g of ash sample was grounded to obtain fine ash powder by using a mortar and pestle for 60 min. A uniform ash mixture comprising of rice, maize and groundnut was obtained through repeated steps by mixing 2 g of the grounded ash taken from 8 g stock of each crop and mixed layer-wise. This crop residue mixture was then subjected to calcination at different temperature ranging from 450 °C with an incremental increase of 100 °C up to 750 °C for 4 h using a muffle furnace and a crop residue based mixture was obtained having a multi-nutrient composition. The study revealed that the mixture of the three crop residues in 1:1:1 ratio produced more number of nutrients in noticeable concentration at calcination temperature of 550 °C. The study further provides a scope to integrate this protocol towards obtaining a nutrient mixture from biomass ash generated from a combined heat and power generation system as an alternative to landfill use. Thus, by integrating this method into modern agricultural production systems, it is possible to obtain plant health tonic and reducing landfill waste and methane emissions from decomposing organic matter and enhance soil health and agricultural productivity sustainably. This research highlights the potential of leveraging biomass ash generated from biomass combined heat and power (CHP) generation systems in an eco-friendly manner for sustainable farming systems, including self-power generation for agriculture mills.
Design and Implementation of IoT-based Low-Cost Smart Saline Micro Pump Panda S S, Tripathy H P, Dash S N, Pattanaik P, Mishra D K, Kamilla S K, Holderbaum W International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 2024 The present healthcare scenario teaches quite a lot to humanity. The increasing ratio between patients and nursing staff deteriorates health care services. Simple saline can cause deadly patient situations and chaotic conditions for healthcare workers. A proper intravenous medication system can avoid reverse blood flow, blood clots, vein inflammation, extravasation, air embolism, and hypervolemia. This proposed research article is based on an Internet of Things-based low-cost smart saline micro pump for the healthcare system. The prime objective of this research article is to design an IoT-based micropump, and the micropump is placed between the saline bottle and the patient to control the flow precisely. The entire process is controlled by a mobile application to minimize the staff workload, time, and chaotic conditions. The controlled device has information like the working of the micropump, status parameters such as saline flow rate, saline injection time duration, the inflow of IV infusion to the patient, saline completion status, patient bed number, etc. Implementing the proposed system can be a stepping stone for new healthcare devices.
Heat and Moisture Management for Automatic Air Conditioning of a Domestic Household Using FA-ZnO Nanocomposite as Smart Sensing Material Hara Prasada Tripathy, Priyabrata Pattanaik, Dilip Kumar Mishra, William Holderbaum Energies, 2023 Prior to the year 2000, air conditioning was not common in many cities throughout the world. However, today, 20 years later, air conditioning is common. This circumstance has a negative impact on the climate. Additionally, the situation regarding energy usage as a result of this is alarming. For a healthy and pleasant livelihood, indoor temperature and air flow must be controlled. False partitions with insulating layers have been used to regulate the temperature inside rooms, but they are unable to regulate the variation in humidity caused by the exchange of water between interior and exterior walls. In this manuscript, we provide a sensory system that can automatically detect relative humidity and temperature. Temperature is sensed at each layer of the false partition using an LM35-based integrated circuit and humidity is detected by an FA–ZnO nano-composite layer through an indoor false partition owing to changes in the material’s resistance. Depending upon the change in resistance based on the fluctuation in temperature, the corresponding current responds by arduino microcontroller, and thus triggers the automated ON and OFF switch for air conditioning. Living and non-living bodies both lead pleasant and healthy lives when indoor units are managed properly.
Experimental and probabilistic model validation of ultrasonic MEMS transceiver for blood glucose sensing Hara Prasada Tripathy, Priyabrata Pattanaik, Dilip Kumar Mishra, Sushanta Kumar Kamilla, William Holderbaum Scientific Reports, 2022 In contrast to traditional laboratory glucose monitoring, recent developments have focused on blood glucose self-monitoring and providing patients with a self-monitoring device. This paper proposes a system based on ultrasound principles for quantifying glucose levels in blood by conducting an in-vitro experiment with goat blood before human blood. The ultrasonic transceiver is powered by a frequency generator that operates at 40 kHz and 1.6 V, and variations in glucose level affect the ultrasonic transceiver readings. The RVM probabilistic model is used to determine the variation in glucose levels in a blood sample. Blood glucose levels are measured simultaneously using a commercial glucose metre for confirmation. The experimental data values proposed are highly correlated with commercial glucose metre readings. The proposed ultrasonic MEMS-based blood glucometer measures a glucose level of $$257\\pm 21$$ 257 ± 21 mg/dl. In the near future, the miniature version of the experimental model may be useful to human society.
Robotics in Weed Management: A New Paradigm in Agriculture Subhaprada Dash, Smitava Sarkar, Hara Prasada Tripathy, Priyabrata Pattanaik, Srikanta Patnaik Proceedings 2021 International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Smart Agriculture Iceitsa 2021, 2021
Smart robotic system guided with YOLOv5 based machine learning framework for efficient herbicide usage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under precision agriculture T Mohanty, P Pattanaik, S Dash, HP Tripathy, W Holderbaum Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 231, 110032 , 2025 2025 Citations: 27
Utilization of biomass ash generated from combined heat and power generation system as a multi-nutrient source for crops T Mohanty, S Dash, P Pattanaik, HP Tripathy, JML Gulati, DK Mishra, ... International Journal of Thermofluids 25, 101037 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Next generation self-sanitising face coverings: nanomaterials and smart thermo-regulation systems P Pattanaik, PD Venkatraman, HP Tripathy, JA Butler, DK Mishra, ... Textiles 5 (1), 1 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Carbon monoxide detection and remote monitoring: A novel design approach DK SUBUDHI, HP TRIPATHY, P PATTANAIK, DK MISHRA 2024
Design and Implementation of IoT-based Low-Cost Smart Saline Micro Pump SS Panda, HP Tripathy, SP Dash, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, ... International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 72 (4), 131-136 , 2024 2024
IoT‐based smart UV meter for domestic and hospital UV sterilization devices SP Dash, HP Tripathy, GP Nayak, S Das, AK Nayak, DK Mishra, ... Environmental Quality Management 33 (2), 221-228 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Heat and moisture management for automatic air conditioning of a domestic household using FA-ZnO nanocomposite as smart sensing material HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, W Holderbaum Energies 16 (6), 2654 , 2023 2023
Experimental and probabilistic model validation of ultrasonic MEMS transceiver for blood glucose sensing HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, W Holderbaum Scientific Reports 12 (1), 21259 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Structural, morphological, optical and electrical characterization of gahnite ferroan nano composite derived from fly ash silica and ZnO Mixture SS Panda, HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, A Khandual, ... Materials 15 (4), 1388 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Robotics in weed management: A new paradigm in agriculture S Dash, S Sarkar, HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, S Patnaik 2021 International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Smart … , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
UVC LED and conducting yarn-based heater for a smart germicidal face mask to protect against airborne viruses P Pattanaik, W Holderbaum, A Khandual, HP Tripathy Materials 14 (22), 6999 , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
UVC LED and Conducting Yarn-Based Heater for a Smart Germicidal Face Mask to Protect against Airborne Viruses. Materials 2021, 14, 6999 P Pattanaik, W Holderbaum, A Khandual, HP Tripathy s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published … , 2021 2021
Prospective of germicidal far UV-C in face masks and PPE A Khandual, P Pattanaik, H PrasadaTripathy, JN Rout, J Hu, ... World 7, 37 , 2021 2021 Citations: 1
Biointerface research in applied chemistry SK Sahoo, S Bhattacharya, NK Sahoo 2021 Citations: 1
Utilisation of fly ash by synthesising FA-ZnO composite as semiconducting material SS Panda, HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation 12 (2), 103-114 , 2021 2021 Citations: 1
Model‐based approach to validate the aluminium nitride material based ultrasonic MEMS transceiver for temperature sensing HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, RK Tripathy Micro & Nano Letters 14 (3), 280-285 , 2019 2019
Measurement of zone temperature profile of a resistive heating furnace through RVM model HP Tripathy, D Bej, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, RK Tripathy IEEE Sensors Journal 18 (11), 4429-4435 , 2018 2018 Citations: 13
Performance analysis of ZnO-based ultrasonic MEMS transducer used for blind person navigation HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, SK Kamilla International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials 7 (3), 192-200 , 2018 2018 Citations: 1
A simulation approach to study the effect of ultrasonic MEMS based receiver for blood glucose sensing applications HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, SK Kamilla, RK Tripathy IEEE Sensors Letters 1 (5), 1-4 , 2017 2017 Citations: 12
Volatile Organic Compounds Sensing Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Co Doped ZnO Pallet BB Bhoi, R Banerjee, S Mohanty, SK Kamilla, P Pattanaik, HP Tripathy, ... Advanced Science Letters 22 (2), 374-377 , 2016 2016 Citations: 3
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Smart robotic system guided with YOLOv5 based machine learning framework for efficient herbicide usage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under precision agriculture T Mohanty, P Pattanaik, S Dash, HP Tripathy, W Holderbaum Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 231, 110032 , 2025 2025 Citations: 27
Robotics in weed management: A new paradigm in agriculture S Dash, S Sarkar, HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, S Patnaik 2021 International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Smart … , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
Measurement of zone temperature profile of a resistive heating furnace through RVM model HP Tripathy, D Bej, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, RK Tripathy IEEE Sensors Journal 18 (11), 4429-4435 , 2018 2018 Citations: 13
A simulation approach to study the effect of ultrasonic MEMS based receiver for blood glucose sensing applications HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, SK Kamilla, RK Tripathy IEEE Sensors Letters 1 (5), 1-4 , 2017 2017 Citations: 12
Next generation self-sanitising face coverings: nanomaterials and smart thermo-regulation systems P Pattanaik, PD Venkatraman, HP Tripathy, JA Butler, DK Mishra, ... Textiles 5 (1), 1 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Simulation study of zno based ultrasonic micro-electronics mechanical systems model for blood glucose level measurement HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, SK Pradhan, SK Kamilla Advanced Science Letters 22 (2), 401-404 , 2016 2016 Citations: 6
Utilization of biomass ash generated from combined heat and power generation system as a multi-nutrient source for crops T Mohanty, S Dash, P Pattanaik, HP Tripathy, JML Gulati, DK Mishra, ... International Journal of Thermofluids 25, 101037 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Experimental and probabilistic model validation of ultrasonic MEMS transceiver for blood glucose sensing HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, W Holderbaum Scientific Reports 12 (1), 21259 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Structural, morphological, optical and electrical characterization of gahnite ferroan nano composite derived from fly ash silica and ZnO Mixture SS Panda, HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, A Khandual, ... Materials 15 (4), 1388 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
UVC LED and conducting yarn-based heater for a smart germicidal face mask to protect against airborne viruses P Pattanaik, W Holderbaum, A Khandual, HP Tripathy Materials 14 (22), 6999 , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
Volatile Organic Compounds Sensing Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Co Doped ZnO Pallet BB Bhoi, R Banerjee, S Mohanty, SK Kamilla, P Pattanaik, HP Tripathy, ... Advanced Science Letters 22 (2), 374-377 , 2016 2016 Citations: 3
IoT‐based smart UV meter for domestic and hospital UV sterilization devices SP Dash, HP Tripathy, GP Nayak, S Das, AK Nayak, DK Mishra, ... Environmental Quality Management 33 (2), 221-228 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Prospective of germicidal far UV-C in face masks and PPE A Khandual, P Pattanaik, H PrasadaTripathy, JN Rout, J Hu, ... World 7, 37 , 2021 2021 Citations: 1
Biointerface research in applied chemistry SK Sahoo, S Bhattacharya, NK Sahoo 2021 Citations: 1
Utilisation of fly ash by synthesising FA-ZnO composite as semiconducting material SS Panda, HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation 12 (2), 103-114 , 2021 2021 Citations: 1
Performance analysis of ZnO-based ultrasonic MEMS transducer used for blind person navigation HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, SK Kamilla International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials 7 (3), 192-200 , 2018 2018 Citations: 1
Carbon monoxide detection and remote monitoring: A novel design approach DK SUBUDHI, HP TRIPATHY, P PATTANAIK, DK MISHRA 2024
Design and Implementation of IoT-based Low-Cost Smart Saline Micro Pump SS Panda, HP Tripathy, SP Dash, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, SK Kamilla, ... International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 72 (4), 131-136 , 2024 2024
Heat and moisture management for automatic air conditioning of a domestic household using FA-ZnO nanocomposite as smart sensing material HP Tripathy, P Pattanaik, DK Mishra, W Holderbaum Energies 16 (6), 2654 , 2023 2023
UVC LED and Conducting Yarn-Based Heater for a Smart Germicidal Face Mask to Protect against Airborne Viruses. Materials 2021, 14, 6999 P Pattanaik, W Holderbaum, A Khandual, HP Tripathy s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published … , 2021 2021
