A pragmatic implementation and outcomes evaluation of the older persons emergency network acute outreach service (OPEN AOS) model utilising the integrated PRISM and RE-AIM framework: the OPEN AOS study protocol Sharon Hodby, Denise Bunting, Catherine Moore, Emma Ballard, Evelyn Kang, Joshua Byrnes, Julia Crilly, Nadine E. Foster, Elizabeth Marsden BMC Geriatrics, 2026 Globally, the population aged 65 years and over is increasing and with this growth comes a rising risk of chronic diseases that often require emergency care. Older adults living in Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACFs) have increased healthcare utilisation including visits to Emergency Departments (EDs). EDs are busy, noisy environments poorly suited to meeting the care needs of older adults. Older adults attending EDs often receive delayed and fragmented care, unnecessary procedures and tests and are at greater risk of iatrogenic complications. The Older Person’s Emergency Network Acute Outreach Service (OPEN AOS) based in Queensland, Australia, is a nurse-led, physician-supported model that provides ED substitution care to older adults living in RACFs. This paper outlines the OPEN AOS study protocol, which comprises three components and uses the integrated Practical, Robust, Implementation, and Sustainability Model (PRISM) and Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to guide a comprehensive evaluation. The study comprises a pragmatic multi-methods design, consisting of three discrete yet related components. Component 1 is a retrospective, quasi-experimental design comparing outcomes for patients seen in the RACF by the OPEN AOS clinical team (intervention group) to standard ambulance attendance in the RACF resulting in transport to ED care (control group) between 1 July 2022 and 30 June 2023. Component 2 is a retrospective economic evaluation of the OPEN AOS model measuring the incremental cost per patient of OPEN AOS care compared to standard ambulance attendance resulting in transport to ED care. Component 3 adopts a prospective qualitative approach to explore and understand the contextual factors influencing implementation with the aim of informing effective delivery and supporting the potential scale and spread of the OPEN AOS model. The OPEN AOS model aims to deliver ED-substitution care in RACFs for older adults. This study will adopt a pragmatic approach to assess both outcomes and implementation processes, utilizing the integrated PRISM and RE-AIM frameworks for comprehensive evaluation. Findings will inform the design of similar models and guide health system decision-making for adopting approaches like the OPEN AOS model.
Nursing and medical students’ views before and after participation in a simulated ward-based interprofessional learning activity: An exploratory study Hugh Davies, Olivia Gallagher, Amanda Cole, Carol Crevacore, Evelyn Kang, Kate Jutsum Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 2024 Background: The complex nature of delivering healthcare requires teamwork within and between disciplines.None as important is teamwork between registered nurses and junior doctors.Understanding each other perspectives, practices and purpose offers the prospect of improved patient care.Opportunities for undergraduate interprofessional education allows the exchange of discipline specific knowledge to inform practice.Aim: To explore the views and attitudes of nursing and medical students before and after participation in a simulated ward-based interprofessional activity.Method: Final semester nursing and medical students from different universities were invited to record their views and attitudes before and after participation in an interprofessional simulated ward-based learning activity.A comparison of pretest, post-test scores obtained from the revised Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale was undertaken.Content analysis was used to explore post-test responses to open-ended questions.Results: Matched comparisons of 205 pre and post-test responses showed nursing and medical students' subscale scores for positive professional identity increased significantly (p = .02vs. p < .001)reflecting a change in views and attitudes post simulated ward-based interprofessional activity.
Exploring clinicians' insertion experience with a new peripheral intravenous catheter in the emergency department Hui (Grace) Xu, Areum Hyun, Evelyn Kang, Nicole Marsh, Amanda Corley Australasian Emergency Care, 2024 BACKGROUND: Hospitals frequently introduce new medical devices. However, the process of clinicians adapting to these new vascular access devices has not been well explored. The study aims to explore clinicians' experience with the insertion of a new guidewire peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) introduced in the emergency department (ED) setting. METHODS: The study was conducted at two EDs in Queensland, Australia, utilising a qualitative explorative approach. Interviews were conducted with guidewire PIVC inserters, including ED doctors and nurses, and field notes were recorded by research nurses during insertions. Data analysis was performed using inductive content analysis, from which themes emerged. RESULTS: The study compiled interviews from 10 participants and field notes from 191 observation episodes. Five key themes emerged, including diverse experience, barriers related to the learning process, factors influencing insertion success, and recommendations to enhance clinicians' acceptance. These themes suggest that the key to successful adoption by clinicians lies in designing user-friendly devices that align with familiar insertion techniques, facilitating a smooth transfer of learning. CONCLUSION: Clinician adaptation to new devices is vital for optimal patient care. Emergency nurses and doctors prefer simplicity, safety, and familiarity when it comes to new devices. Providing comprehensive device training with diverse training resources, hands-on sessions, and continuous expert support, is likely to enhance clinician acceptance and the successful adoption of new devices in ED settings.
End-of-life decision-making in the emergency department and intensive care unit: Health professionals' perspectives on and knowledge of the law in Queensland Jayne Hewitt, Nemat Alsaba, Katya May, Evelyn Kang, Colleen Cartwright, Lindy Willmott, Ben White, Andrea P Marshall EMA Emergency Medicine Australasia, 2024 ObjectiveTo investigate ED and intensive care unit healthcare professionals' perspectives and knowledge of the law that underpins end‐of‐life decision‐making in Queensland, Australia.MethodsAn online survey with questions about perspectives, perceived, and actual, knowledge of the law was distributed by the professional organisations of medical practitioners, nurses and social workers who work in Queensland EDs and intensive care units.ResultsThe survey responses of 126 healthcare professionals were included in the final analysis. Most respondents agreed that the law was relevant to end‐of‐life decision‐making, but that clinician and family consensus mattered more than following the law. Generally, doctors' legal knowledge was higher than nurses'; however, there were significant gaps in the knowledge of all respondents about the operation of advance health directives in Queensland.ConclusionsThe legal framework that supports end‐of‐life decision‐making for adults who lack decision‐making capacity has been in place for more than two decades. Despite frequently being involved in making or enacting these decisions, gaps in the legal knowledge of healthcare professionals who work in EDs and intensive care units in Queensland are evident. Further research to better understand how to improve knowledge and application of the law is warranted.
Cost-effectiveness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site infection among obese women giving birth by caesarean section: An economic evaluation (DRESSING trial) Jennifer A. Whitty, Adam P. Wagner, Evelyn Kang, David Ellwood, Wendy Chaboyer, Sailesh Kumar, Vicki L. Clifton, Lukman Thalib, Brigid M. Gillespie Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023 BackgroundThere is growing evidence regarding the potential of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (ci‐NPWT) to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in healing wounds by primary closure following a caesarean section (CS).AimTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of ci‐NPWT compared to standard dressings for prevention of SSI in obese women giving birth by CS.Materials and MethodsCost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility analyses from a health service perspective were undertaken alongside a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial, which recruited women with a pre‐pregnancy body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 giving birth by elective/semi‐urgent CS who received ci‐NPWT (n = 1017) or standard dressings (n = 1018). Resource use and health‐related quality of life (SF‐12v2) collected during admission and for four weeks post‐discharge were used to derive costs and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs).Resultsci‐NPWT was associated with AUD$162 (95%CI −$170 to $494) higher cost per person and an additional $12 849 (95%CI −$62 138 to $133 378) per SSI avoided. There was no detectable difference in QALYs between groups; however, there are high levels of uncertainty around both cost and QALY estimates. There is a 20% likelihood that ci‐NPWT would be considered cost‐effective at a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $50 000 per QALY. Per protocol and complete case analyses gave similar results, suggesting that findings are robust to protocol deviators and adjustments for missing data.Conclusionsci‐NPWT for the prevention of SSI in obese women undergoing CS is unlikely to be cost‐effective in terms of health service resources and is currently unjustified for routine use for this purpose.
Patient experiences of, and preferences for, surgical wound care education Georgia Tobiano, Rachel M. Walker, Wendy Chaboyer, Joan Carlini, Louise Webber, Sharon Latimer, Evelyn Kang, Anne M. Eskes, Tom O'Connor, Debra Perger, Brigid M. Gillespie International Wound Journal, 2023 The aim of this study was to describe patients' experiences of, and preferences for, surgical wound care discharge education and how these experiences predicted their ability to self‐manage their surgical wounds. A telephone survey of 270 surgical patients was conducted across two hospitals two weeks after discharge. Patients preferred verbal (n = 255, 94.8%) and written surgical wound education (n = 178, 66.2%) from medical (n = 229, 85.4%) and nursing staff (n = 211, 78.7%) at discharge. The most frequent education content that patients received was information about follow‐up appointments (n = 242, 89.6%) and who to contact in the community with wound care concerns (n = 233, 86.6%). Using logistic regression, patients who perceived that they participated in surgical wound care decisions were 6.5 times more likely to state that they were able to manage their wounds at home. Also, patients who agreed that medical and/or nursing staff discussed wound pain management were 3.1 times more likely to report being able to manage their surgical wounds at home. Only 40% (107/270) of patients actively participated in wound‐related decision‐making during discharge education. These results uncovered patient preferences, which could be used to optimise discharge education practices. Embedding patient participation into clinical workflows may enhance patients' self‐management practices once home.
Incidence and risk factors for surgical wound complications in women with body mass index >30 kg/m2 following cesarean delivery: a secondary analysis Brigid M. Gillespie, David Ellwood, Lukman Thalib, Sailesh Kumar, Kassam Mahomed, Evelyn Kang, Wendy Chaboyer Ajog Global Reports, 2022 Surgical wound complications are common and occur in between 3% and 12% of obese women after cesarean delivery. An understanding of the risk factors for wound complications may inform potential areas for clinical care improvement. This study aimed to identify the incidence and predictors of surgical wound complications in obese women after cesarean delivery. This was a secondary analysis of the ADding negative pRESSure to improve healING, or DRESSING, randomized controlled trial conducted at 4 maternity hospitals in Australia. A total of 2035 women with a prepregnancy body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 undergoing cesarean delivery were included. Data were collected between October 2015 and December 2019 using self-reporting of signs and symptoms, the research nurses’ direct observation of the surgical site, and medical records. Independent blinded outcome assessors ascertained wound outcomes on the basis of self-reported data and medical records. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for wound complications and surgical wound dehiscence. The 30-day cumulative incidence of wound complications and surgical wound dehiscence was calculated. Of the 2035 women, 317 (15.6%) developed a wound complication, whereas 211 (10.4%) developed surgical wound dehiscence. The predictors of a wound complication included 1 previous cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.90; P=.02) and ruptured membranes >12 hours (odds ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–2.66; P=.02). The odds of developing any wound complication decreased by 45% with vaginal cleansing (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.42–0.72; P<.001) and by 59% for low transverse incision (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.18–0.94; P=.04). The predictors of surgical wound dehiscence included 1 previous cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–2.31; P=.008) and ruptured membranes >12 hours (odds ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–3.12; P=.02). The odds of developing surgical wound dehiscence decreased by 50% for vaginal cleansing (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.36–0.69; P<.001) and by 42% for using a double-layer uterine closure (odds ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.35–0.97; P=.04). Wound complications and surgical wound dehiscence in this population are high. The predictors observed herein would assist in identifying high-risk women. Such information may guide patient-centered decision-making in the planning of surgical births and individualized postoperative care.
Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in women who are obese and give birth by elective caesarean section: A secondary analysis Wendy Chaboyer, David Ellwood, Lukman Thalib, Sailesh Kumar, Kassam Mahomed, Evelyn Kang, Brigid M. Gillespie Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022 Background:Surgical site infection (SSI) after a caesarean section is of concern (CS) is of concern to both clinicians and women themselves.Aims:The aim of this study is to identify the cumulative incidence and predictors of SSI in women who are obese and give birth by elective CS.Materials and Methods:The method used was planned secondary analysis of data from women with a pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 giving birth by elective CS in a multicentre randomised controlled trial of a prophylactic closed‐incision negative pressure wound therapy dressing. Data were collected from medical records, direct observations of the surgical site and self‐reported signs and symptoms from October 2015 to December 2019. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition was used to identify SSI. Women were followed up once in hospital just before discharge and then weekly for four weeks after discharge. Blinded outcome assessors determined SSI. After the cumulative incidence of SSI was calculated, multiple variable logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for SSI.Results:SSI incidence in 1459 women was 8.4% (122/1459). Multiple variable‐adjusted odds ratios (OR) for SSI were BMI ≥40 kg/m2 (OR 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30–1.86) as compared to BMI 30–34.9 0 kg/m2, ≥2 previous pregnancies (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.00–1.80) as compared to no previous pregnancies and pre‐CS vaginal cleansing (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.33–0.99).Conclusions:Our findings may inform preoperative counselling and shared decision‐making regarding planned elective CS for women with pre‐pregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
What are the non-technical skills used by scrub nurses? An integrated review Acorn, 2014
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
A pragmatic implementation and outcomes evaluation of the older persons emergency network acute outreach service (OPEN AOS) model utilising the integrated PRISM and RE-AIM … S Hodby, D Bunting, C Moore, E Ballard, E Kang, J Byrnes, J Crilly, ... BMC geriatrics , 2026 2026
Nursing and medical students’ views before and after participation in a simulated ward-based interprofessional learning activity: An exploratory study H Davies, O Gallagher, A Cole, C Crevacore, E Kang, K Jutsum Clinical Simulation in Nursing 97, 101632 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Exploring clinicians' insertion experience with a new peripheral intravenous catheter in the emergency department HG Xu, A Hyun, E Kang, N Marsh, A Corley Australasian Emergency Care 27 (3), 192-197 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
End‐of‐life decision‐making in the emergency department and intensive care unit: Health professionals' perspectives on and knowledge of the law in Queensland J Hewitt, N Alsaba, K May, E Kang, C Cartwright, L Willmott, B White, ... Emergency Medicine Australasia 36 (3), 429-435 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Cost‐effectiveness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site infection among obese women giving birth by caesarean section: An economic … JA Whitty, AP Wagner, E Kang, D Ellwood, W Chaboyer, S Kumar, ... Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 63 (5), 673-680 , 2023 2023 Citations: 13
Development and validation of a survey designed to measure patient experience of and preference for surgical wound care discharge education: A pilot study G Tobiano, W Chaboyer, J Carlini, AM Eskes, E McInnes, S Latimer, ... Journal of Tissue Viability 32 (3), 442-448 , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
OP080 PATIENT EXPERIENCES OF, AND PREFERENCES FOR, SURGICAL WOUND CARE EDUCATION. G Tobiano, R Walker, W Chaboyer, J Carlini, L Webber, S Latimer, ... Journal of Wound Management 24 (2) , 2023 2023
Patient experiences of, and preferences for, surgical wound care education G Tobiano, RM Walker, W Chaboyer, J Carlini, L Webber, S Latimer, ... International wound journal 20 (5), 1687-1699 , 2023 2023 Citations: 46
Effectiveness of discharge education for patients undergoing general surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis BM Gillespie, L Thalib, E Harbeck, G Tobiano, E Kang, S Tobiano, M Tong, ... International Journal of Nursing Studies 140, 104471 , 2023 2023 Citations: 22
Incidence and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection in Women Who Are Obese and Give Birth by Elective Cesarean Section: A Secondary Analysis W Chaboyer, D Ellwood, L Thalib, S Kumar, K Mahomed, E Kang, ... Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 42 (4), 192-193 , 2022 2022
Incidence and risk factors for surgical wound complications in women with body mass index> 30 kg/m2 following cesarean delivery: a secondary analysis BM Gillespie, D Ellwood, L Thalib, S Kumar, K Mahomed, E Kang, ... AJOG Global Reports 2 (3), 100069 , 2022 2022 Citations: 19
The Development and Feasibility Testing of a Patient-Centred Discharge Education Intervention to Improve the Postoperative Recovery of General Surgery Patients EP Kang Griffith University , 2022 2022
Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in women who are obese and give birth by elective caesarean section: A secondary analysis W Chaboyer, D Ellwood, L Thalib, S Kumar, K Mahomed, E Kang, ... Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 62 (2), 234-240 , 2022 2022 Citations: 9
Development of a web‐based discharge education intervention to improve the postdischarge recovery of general surgical patients E Kang, BM Gillespie, G Tobiano, W Chaboyer Journal of Nursing Scholarship 54 (2), 143-151 , 2022 2022 Citations: 13
Evaluating the feasibility of a web-based discharge education programme to improve general surgical patients’ postdischarge recovery: a pilot randomised controlled trial E Kang, W Chaboyer, G Tobiano, B Gillespie BMJ open 12 (2), e054038 , 2022 2022 Citations: 19
Effect of negative‐pressure wound therapy on wound complications in obese women after caesarean birth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis BM Gillespie, L Thalib, D Ellwood, E Kang, K Mahomed, S Kumar, ... BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 129 (2), 196-207 , 2022 2022 Citations: 16
Effects of a brief team training program on surgical teams’ Nontechnical skills: an interrupted time-series study BM Gillespie, E Harbeck, E Kang, C Steel, N Fairweather, ... Journal of Patient Safety 17 (5), e448-e454 , 2021 2021 Citations: 21
Closed incision negative pressure wound therapy versus standard dressings in obese women undergoing caesarean section: multicentre parallel group randomised controlled trial BM Gillespie, J Webster, D Ellwood, L Thalib, JA Whitty, K Mahomed, ... bmj 373 , 2021 2021 Citations: 55
Nurses' role in delivering discharge education to general surgical patients: a qualitative study E Kang, GA Tobiano, W Chaboyer, BM Gillespie Journal of Advanced Nursing 76 (7), 1698-1707 , 2020 2020 Citations: 60
General surgical patients’ experience of hospital discharge education: a qualitative study E Kang, BM Gillespie, G Tobiano, W Chaboyer Journal of Clinical Nursing 29 (1-2), e1-e10 , 2020 2020 Citations: 63
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Discharge education delivered to general surgical patients in their management of recovery post discharge: a systematic mixed studies review E Kang, BM Gillespie, G Tobiano, W Chaboyer International journal of nursing studies 87, 1-13 , 2018 2018 Citations: 146
Factors that influence the non‐technical skills performance of scrub nurses: a prospective study E Kang, D Massey, BM Gillespie Journal of Advanced Nursing 71 (12), 2846-2857 , 2015 2015 Citations: 106
Use of negative-pressure wound dressings to prevent surgical site complications after primary hip arthroplasty: a pilot RCT BM Gillespie, CM Rickard, L Thalib, E Kang, T Finigan, A Homer, G Lonie, ... Surgical innovation 22 (5), 488-495 , 2015 2015 Citations: 88
Correlates of non-technical skills in surgery: a prospective study BM Gillespie, E Harbeck, E Kang, C Steel, N Fairweather, W Chaboyer BMJ open 7 (1), e014480 , 2017 2017 Citations: 82
General surgical patients’ experience of hospital discharge education: a qualitative study E Kang, BM Gillespie, G Tobiano, W Chaboyer Journal of Clinical Nursing 29 (1-2), e1-e10 , 2020 2020 Citations: 63
Nurses' role in delivering discharge education to general surgical patients: a qualitative study E Kang, GA Tobiano, W Chaboyer, BM Gillespie Journal of Advanced Nursing 76 (7), 1698-1707 , 2020 2020 Citations: 60
Reducing the risk of surgical site infection using a multidisciplinary approach: an integrative review BM Gillespie, E Kang, S Roberts, F Lin, N Morley, T Finigan, A Homer, ... Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 473-487 , 2015 2015 Citations: 59
Closed incision negative pressure wound therapy versus standard dressings in obese women undergoing caesarean section: multicentre parallel group randomised controlled trial BM Gillespie, J Webster, D Ellwood, L Thalib, JA Whitty, K Mahomed, ... bmj 373 , 2021 2021 Citations: 55
Postsurgery wound assessment and management practices: a chart audit BM Gillespie, W Chaboyer, E Kang, J Hewitt, P Nieuwenhoven, N Morley Journal of Clinical Nursing 23 (21-22), 3250-3261 , 2014 2014 Citations: 47
Patient experiences of, and preferences for, surgical wound care education G Tobiano, RM Walker, W Chaboyer, J Carlini, L Webber, S Latimer, ... International wound journal 20 (5), 1687-1699 , 2023 2023 Citations: 46
Surgical team mapping: implications for staff allocation and coordination M Sykes, BM Gillespie, W Chaboyer, E Kang AORN journal 101 (2), 238-248 , 2015 2015 Citations: 36
What are the non-technical skills used by scrub nurses?: An integrated review E Kang, BM Gillespie, D Massey ACORN: the journal of perioperative nursing in Australia 27 (4), 16-25 , 2014 2014 Citations: 36
Effectiveness of discharge education for patients undergoing general surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis BM Gillespie, L Thalib, E Harbeck, G Tobiano, E Kang, S Tobiano, M Tong, ... International Journal of Nursing Studies 140, 104471 , 2023 2023 Citations: 22
Effects of a brief team training program on surgical teams’ Nontechnical skills: an interrupted time-series study BM Gillespie, E Harbeck, E Kang, C Steel, N Fairweather, ... Journal of Patient Safety 17 (5), e448-e454 , 2021 2021 Citations: 21
Incidence and risk factors for surgical wound complications in women with body mass index> 30 kg/m2 following cesarean delivery: a secondary analysis BM Gillespie, D Ellwood, L Thalib, S Kumar, K Mahomed, E Kang, ... AJOG Global Reports 2 (3), 100069 , 2022 2022 Citations: 19
Evaluating the feasibility of a web-based discharge education programme to improve general surgical patients’ postdischarge recovery: a pilot randomised controlled trial E Kang, W Chaboyer, G Tobiano, B Gillespie BMJ open 12 (2), e054038 , 2022 2022 Citations: 19
Evaluation of a brief team training intervention in surgery: a mixed-methods study BM Gillespie, C Steel, E Kang, E Harbeck, K Nikolic, N Fairweather, ... Aorn Journal 106 (6), 513-522 , 2017 2017 Citations: 19
Effect of negative‐pressure wound therapy on wound complications in obese women after caesarean birth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis BM Gillespie, L Thalib, D Ellwood, E Kang, K Mahomed, S Kumar, ... BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 129 (2), 196-207 , 2022 2022 Citations: 16
Changes in surgical team performance and safety climate attitudes following expansion of perioperative services: a repeated-measures study BM Gillespie, E Harbeck, E Kang, C Steel, N Fairweather, W Chaboyer Australian Health Review 42 (6), 703-708 , 2018 2018 Citations: 16
Cost‐effectiveness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site infection among obese women giving birth by caesarean section: An economic … JA Whitty, AP Wagner, E Kang, D Ellwood, W Chaboyer, S Kumar, ... Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 63 (5), 673-680 , 2023 2023 Citations: 13
