ERICA: Prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents Katia Vergetti Bloch, Carlos Henrique Klein, Moyses Szklo, Maria Cristina C Kuschnir, Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu, Laura Augusta Barufaldi, Gloria Valeria da Veiga, Beatriz Schaan, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da Silva, Ana Julia Pantoja Moraes, Ana Mayra Andrade de Oliveira, Bruno Mendes Tavares, Erika da Silva Magliano, Cecília Lacroix de Oliveira, Cristiane de Freitas Cunha, Denise Tavares Giannini, Dilson Rodrigues Belfort, Eduardo Lima Santos, Elisa Brosina de Leon, Elizabete Regina Araújo Oliveira, Elizabeth Fujimori, Ana Luíza Borges, Francisco de Assis Guedes Vasconcelos, George Dantas Azevedo, Gisela Soares Brunken, Isabel Cristina Britto Guimarães, José Rocha Faria Neto, Juliana Souza Oliveira, Kenia Mara B. de Carvalho, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira Gonçalves, Maria Inês Monteiro, Marize M. Santos, Paulo César B. Veiga Jardim, Pedro Antônio Muniz Ferreira, Renan Magalhães Montenegro Jr., Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel, Rodrigo Pinheiro Vianna, Sandra Mary Vasconcelos, Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg Revista De Saude Publica, 2016 OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95%CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95%CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95%CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95%CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95%CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95%CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95%CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95%CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.
ERICA: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents Maria Cristina C Kuschnir, Katia Vergetti Bloch, Moyses Szklo, Carlos Henrique Klein, Laura Augusta Barufaldi, Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu, Beatriz Schaan, Gloria Valeria da Veiga, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da Silva, Maurício T L de Vasconcellos, Ana Júlia Pantoja de Moraes, Ana Mayra Andrade de Oliveira, Bruno Mendes Tavares, Cecília Lacroix de Oliveira, Cristiane de Freitas Cunha, Denise Tavares Giannini, Dilson Rodrigues Belfort, Eduardo Lima Santos, Elisa Brosina de Leon, Elizabete Regina Araújo Oliveira, Elizabeth Fujimori, Ana Luíza Borges, Erika da Silva Magliano, Francisco de Assis Guedes Vasconcelos, George Dantas Azevedo, Gisela Soares Brunken, Isabel Cristina Britto Guimarães, José Rocha Faria Neto, Juliana Souza Oliveira, Kenia Mara B de Carvalho, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira Gonçalves, Maria Inês Monteiro, Marize M Santos, Pascoal Torres Muniz, Paulo César B Veiga Jardim, Pedro Antônio Muniz Ferreira, Renan Magalhães Montenegro Jr, Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel, Rodrigo Pinheiro Vianna, Sandra Mary Vasconcelos, Stella Maris Seixas Martins, Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg Revista De Saude Publica, 2016 OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We evaluated 37,504 adolescents who were participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, school-based, national study. The adolescents, aged from 12 to 17 years, lived in cities with populations greater than 100,000 inhabitants. The sample was stratified and clustered into schools and classes. The criteria set out by the International Diabetes Federation were used to define metabolic syndrome. Prevalences of metabolic syndrome were estimated according to sex, age group, school type and nutritional status. RESULTS Of the 37,504 adolescents who were evaluated: 50.2% were female; 54.3% were aged from 15 to 17 years, and 73.3% were from public schools. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 2.6% (95%CI 2.3-2.9), slightly higher in males and in those aged from 15 to 17 years in most macro-regions. The prevalence was the highest in residents from the South macro-region, in the younger female adolescents and in the older male adolescents. The prevalence was higher in public schools (2.8% [95%CI 2.4-3.2]), when compared with private schools (1.9% [95%CI 1.4-2.4]) and higher in obese adolescents when compared with nonobese ones. The most common combinations of components, referring to 3/4 of combinations, were: enlarged waist circumference (WC), low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) and high blood pressure; followed by enlarged WC, low HDL-c and high triglycerides; and enlarged WC, low HDL-c, high triglycerides and blood pressure. Low HDL was the second most frequent component, but the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (26.8%) was observed in the presence of high triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS ERICA is the first Brazilian nation-wide study to present the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and describe the role of its components. Despite the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome being low, the high prevalences of some components and participation of others in the syndrome composition shows the importance of early diagnosis of this changes, even if not grouped within the metabolic syndrome.
The study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents - ERICA: Rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in Brazilian adolescents Katia Vergetti Bloch, Moyses Szklo, Maria Cristina C Kuschnir, Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu, Laura Augusta Barufaldi, Carlos Henrique Klein, Maurício TL de Vasconcelos, Glória Valéria da Veiga, Valeska C Figueiredo, Adriano Dias, Ana Julia Pantoja Moraes, Ana Luiza Lima Souza, Ana Mayra Andrade de Oliveira, Beatriz D’Argord Schaan, Bruno Mendes Tavares, Cecília Lacroix de Oliveira, Cristiane de Freitas Cunha, Denise Tavares Giannini, Dilson Rodrigues Belfort, Dulce Lopes Barboza Ribas, Eduardo Lima Santos, Elisa Brosina de Leon, Elizabeth Fujimori, Elizabete Regina Araújo Oliveira, Erika da Silva Magliano, Francisco de Assis Guedes Vasconcelos, George Dantas Azevedo, Gisela Soares Brunken, Glauber Monteiro Dias, Heleno R Correa Filho, Maria Inês Monteiro, Isabel Cristina Britto Guimarães, José Rocha Faria Neto, Juliana Souza Oliveira, Kenia Mara B de Carvalho, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira Gonçalves, Marize M Santos, Pascoal Torres Muniz, Paulo César B Veiga Jardim, Pedro Antônio Muniz Ferreira, Renan Magalhães Montenegro, Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel, Rodrigo Pinheiro Vianna, Sandra Mary Vasconcelos, Sandro Silva da Matta, Stella Maris Seixas Martins, Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da Silva BMC Public Health, 2015 BackgroundThe Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym, “ERICA”) is a multicenter, school-based country-wide cross-sectional study funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, which aims at estimating the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including those included in the definition of the metabolic syndrome, in a random sample of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in Brazilian cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. Approximately 85,000 students were assessed in public and private schools. Brazil is a continental country with a heterogeneous population of 190 million living in its five main geographic regions (North, Northeast, Midwest, South and Southeast). ERICA is a pioneering study that will assess the prevalence rates of cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilian adolescents using a sample with national and regional representativeness. This paper describes the rationale, design and procedures of ERICA.Methods/DesignParticipants answered a self-administered questionnaire using an electronic device, in order to obtain information on demographic and lifestyle characteristics, including physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, sleeping hours, common mental disorders and reproductive and oral health. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Anthropometric measures (weight, height and waist circumference) and blood pressure were also be measured. Blood was collected from a subsample of approximately 44,000 adolescents for measurements of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin and fasting insulin.DiscussionThe study findings will be instrumental to the development of public policies aiming at the prevention of obesity, atherosclerotic diseases and diabetes in an adolescent population.
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Andebol: A perspetiva tática de treinadores do escalão de iniciados da Associação de Andebol do Porto EL Santos 2019
ERICA: prevalência de síndrome metabólica em adolescentes brasileiros MCC Kuschnir, KV Bloch, M Szklo, CH Klein, LA Barufaldi, GA Abreu, ... Revista de saúde pública 50, 11s , 2016 2016 Citations: 75
ERICA: prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros KV Bloch, CH Klein, M Szklo, MCC Kuschnir, GA Abreu, LA Barufaldi, ... Revista de Saúde Pública 50, 9s , 2016 2016 Citations: 283
ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents MCC Kuschnir, KV Bloch, M Szklo, CH Klein, LA Barufaldi, GA Abreu, ... Revista de saúde Pública 50, 11s , 2016 2016 Citations: 159
ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents KV Bloch, CH Klein, M Szklo, MCC Kuschnir, GA Abreu, LA Barufaldi, ... Revista de saúde pública 50, 9s , 2016 2016 Citations: 312
The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents–ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in … KV Bloch, M Szklo, MCC Kuschnir, GA Abreu, LA Barufaldi, CH Klein, ... BMC public health 15 (1), 94 , 2015 2015 Citations: 407
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents–ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in … KV Bloch, M Szklo, MCC Kuschnir, GA Abreu, LA Barufaldi, CH Klein, ... BMC public health 15 (1), 94 , 2015 2015 Citations: 407
ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents KV Bloch, CH Klein, M Szklo, MCC Kuschnir, GA Abreu, LA Barufaldi, ... Revista de saúde pública 50, 9s , 2016 2016 Citations: 312
ERICA: prevalências de hipertensão arterial e obesidade em adolescentes brasileiros KV Bloch, CH Klein, M Szklo, MCC Kuschnir, GA Abreu, LA Barufaldi, ... Revista de Saúde Pública 50, 9s , 2016 2016 Citations: 283
ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents MCC Kuschnir, KV Bloch, M Szklo, CH Klein, LA Barufaldi, GA Abreu, ... Revista de saúde Pública 50, 11s , 2016 2016 Citations: 159
ERICA: prevalência de síndrome metabólica em adolescentes brasileiros MCC Kuschnir, KV Bloch, M Szklo, CH Klein, LA Barufaldi, GA Abreu, ... Revista de saúde pública 50, 11s , 2016 2016 Citations: 75
Andebol: A perspetiva tática de treinadores do escalão de iniciados da Associação de Andebol do Porto EL Santos 2019
