is presently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Karaikal Campus, Karaikal, Puducherry Union Territory, India. She completed her Ph.D in the area of Predictive Analytics in September 2018. She is having 18 years of teaching experience. She has consistently published more than 30 research articles in Scopus and SCI indexed journals with high impact factor. She is having more than 600 citations, h-index of 14 and i10-index of 20. She has published three patents in the year 2019. Her research area includes machine learning, artificial intelligence, operation research, predictive analytics and data mining.
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Machine learning, Artificial Intelligence, Predictive analytics, Blockchain, Industry 5.0
Explainable Trust Mechanisms in Privacy-Aware Multi-Factor Decision Support on Cloud Gomathi V, N. Deepa 2025 4th International Conference on Smart Technologies and Systems for Next Generation Computing Icstsn 2025, 2025 Cloud-based decision support systems (DSS) play a pivotal role in multi-factor decision-making by integrating performance, security, cost, and compliance. However, challenges arise in ensuring both privacy preservation and user trust. This paper presents an explainable trust framework for privacy-aware multi-factor DSS on cloud. The proposed system combines privacy-preserving techniques with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to justify recommendations. System architecture demonstrates layered modules for trust scoring, decision modeling, and transparency. Our study highlights that trustworthiness is enhanced when users understand not only the outcomes but also the reasoning behind decisions, particularly under strict privacy requirements. The proposed work uses Explainable AI(XAI) models such as Local Interpretable Model Agonistic Explainer (LIME) and SHAP (Shapely Additive Explainer) for extending the prediction of Machine Learning (ML) models. The Decision Tree model is used for the explanation of LIME and SHAP since the value of the accuracy and precision-recall is 0.99. The proposed framework identifies the key performance factors on the secondary cloud dataset to propose a performance mitigation strategy as per the demand of the cloud service.
Lightweight Privacy-Preserving Framework for Multi-Factor Cloud Decision Systems Gomathi V, N. Deepa 2025 4th International Conference on Smart Technologies and Systems for Next Generation Computing Icstsn 2025, 2025 With the proliferation of digital services, cloud-based decision systems are increasingly leveraging multi-factor inputs from diverse sources such as IoT devices, health monitoring systems, and financial platforms. However, these systems inherently process sensitive data, posing privacy risks if adequate security mechanisms are not implemented. Especially for the Internet of Things (IoT) based cloud resource allocation this is really more complex. This work proposes a lightweight privacypreserving framework that ensures data confidentiality while maintaining computational efficiency. The proposed method integrates Federated Learning for resource allocation and provides increased performance of 16 % for accuracy, 17.7 % precision, 13.8 % recall and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$15.75 \% \mathrm{f}$</tex> score compared with the proposed ML models such as Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Ada Boost (AB), Gradient Boost (GB), and Logistic Regression (LR).
XAI for Industry 5.0—Concepts, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, Praveen Kumar Reddy Maddikunta, Prabadevi Boopathy, Natarajan Deepa, Rajeswari Chengoden, Nancy Victor, Wei Wang, Weizheng Wang, Yaodong Zhu, Kapal Dev IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2025 Industry 5.0 has become a reality now and it is a paradigm that integrates contemporary innovations and concepts. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a key component and asset of the industrial transformation which allows intelligent devices to perform functionalities such as self-examination, assessment, and evaluation autonomously. AI-based methodologies using ML and deep learning assist manufacturers and industrialists in forecasting service requirements and minimizing downtime. Recent research has discovered a remarkable change in the processes, systems, applications, and products in industries. Also, there is a significant challenge with the explainability of the decisions provided by the models using deep learning algorithms and their inadequate ability to be coupled with each other. Therefore, Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is required without compromising the efficiency of the models developed using deep learning algorithms. XAI investigates and develops algorithms, techniques, and models that produce human-comprehensible explanations of AI-based systems and can increase transparency and performance. The explainability nature of XAI will help humans understand the model and the reason behind the predictions, thus improving the model’s transparency and the reliability of the outcomes. Furthermore, an Industry 5.0-enabled environment has a variety of data from varied sources, and this multi-source information must be fused to derive meaningful and optimal decisions. Therefore, all AI-integrated applications must derive actionable insights through information fusion. Hence, the adoption of XAI methodologies in Industry 5.0 can help humans make trustworthy decisions for critical applications requiring information fusion. In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art survey on adopting XAI in Industry 5.0. We discuss the adoption of XAI in various applications such as smart factories, smart Healthcare, E-Governance, smart transportation, Education 5.0, Agriculture 5.0, and Energy 5.0. Finally, some research issues and future directions of integrating XAI with Industry 5.0 are also discussed and highlighted to promote more study in the potential field.
The Metaverse for Industry 5.0 in NextG Communications: Potential Applications and Future Challenges Prabadevi Boopathy, Natarajan Deepa, Praveen Kumar Reddy Maddikunta, Nancy Victor, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, Gokul Yenduri, Wei Wang, Quoc-Viet Pham, Thien Huynh-The, Madhusanka Liyanage IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society, 2025 With the advent of new technologies and endeavours for automation in almost all day-to-day activities, the recent discussions on the metaverse life have a greater expectation. The metaverse enables people to communicate with each other by combining the physical world with the virtual world. However, realizing the Metaverse requires symmetric content delivery, low latency, dynamic network control, etc. Industry 5.0 is expected to reform the manufacturing processes through human-robot collaboration and effective utilization of technologies like Artificial intelligence for increased productivity and less maintenance. The metaverse with Industry 5.0 may have tremendous technological integration for a more immersive experience and enhanced productivity. In this review, we present an overview of the metaverse and Industry 5.0, focusing on key technologies that enable the industrial metaverse, including virtual and augmented reality, 3D modeling, artificial intelligence, edge computing, digital twins, blockchain, and 6G communication networks. The article then discusses the metaverse's diverse applications across various Industry 5.0 sectors, such as agriculture, supply chain management, healthcare, education, and transportation, illustrated through several research initiatives. Additionally, the article addresses the challenges of implementing the industrial metaverse, proposes potential solutions, and outlines directions for future research.
Blockchain for Edge Computing in Smart Environments: Use Cases, Issues, and Challenges B. Prabadevi, N. Deepa, S. Sudhagara Rajan, Gautam Srivastava Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers, 2024 The Cenozoic era is the digital age where people, things, and any device with network capabilities can communicate with each other, and the Internet of Things (IoT) paves the way for it. Almost all domains are adopting IoT from smart home appliances, smart healthcare, smart transportation, Industrial IoT and many others. As the adoption of IoT increases, the accretion of data also grows. Furthermore, digital transformations have led to more security vulnerabilities, resulting in data breaches and cyber-attacks. One of the most prominent issues in smart environments is a delay in data processing while all IoT smart environments store their data in the cloud and retrieve them for every transaction. With increased data accumulations on the cloud, most smart applications face unprecedented delays. Thus, data security and low-latency response time are mandatory to deploy a robust IoT-based smart environment. Blockchain, a decentralized and immutable distributed ledger technology, is an essential candidate for ensuring secured data transactions, but it has a variety of challenges in accommodating resource-constrained IoT devices. Edge computing brings data storage and computation closer to the network’s edge and can be integrated with blockchain for low-latency response time in data processing. Integrating blockchain with edge computing will ensure faster and more secure data transactions, thus reducing the computational and communicational overhead concerning resource allocation, data transaction and decision-making. This paper discusses the seamless integration of blockchain and edge computing in IoT environments, various use cases, notable blockchain-enabled edge computing architectures in the literature, secured data transaction frameworks, opportunities, research challenges, and future directions.
Deep learning for intelligent demand response and smart grids: A comprehensive survey Prabadevi Boopathy, Madhusanka Liyanage, Natarajan Deepa, Mounik Velavali, Shivani Reddy, Praveen Kumar Reddy Maddikunta, Neelu Khare, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, Won-Joo Hwang, Quoc-Viet Pham Computer Science Review, 2024 Electricity is one of the mandatory commodities for mankind today. To address challenges and issues in the transmission of electricity through the traditional grid, the concepts of smart grids and demand response have been developed. In such systems, a large amount of data is generated daily from various sources such as power generation (e.g., wind turbines), transmission and distribution (microgrids and fault detectors), load management (smart meters and smart electric appliances). Thanks to recent advancements in big data and computing technologies, Deep Learning (DL) can be leveraged to learn the patterns from the generated data and predict the demand for electricity and peak hours. Motivated by the advantages of deep learning in smart grids, this paper sets to provide a comprehensive survey on the application of DL for intelligent smart grids and demand response. Firstly, we present the fundamental of DL, smart grids, demand response, and the motivation behind the use of DL. Secondly, we review the state-of-the-art applications of DL in smart grids and demand response, including electric load forecasting, state estimation, energy theft detection, energy sharing and trading. Furthermore, we illustrate the practicality of DL via various use cases and projects. Finally, we highlight the challenges presented in existing research works and highlight important issues and potential directions in the use of DL for smart grids and demand response.
An efficient and secure compression technique for data protection using burrows-wheeler transform algorithm M Baritha Begum, N. Deepa, Mueen Uddin, Rajesh Kaluri, Maha Abdelhaq, Raed Alsaqour Heliyon, 2023 Data stored on physical storage devices and transmitted over communication channels often have a lot of redundant information, which can be reduced through compression techniques to conserve space and reduce the time it takes to transmit the data. The need for adequate security measures, such as secret key control in specific techniques, raises concerns about data exposure to potential attacks. Encryption plays a vital role in safeguarding information and maintaining its confidentiality by utilizing a secret key to make the data unreadable and unalterable. The focus of this paper is to tackle the challenge of simultaneously compressing and encrypting data without affecting the efficacy of either process. The authors propose an efficient and secure compression method incorporating a secret key to accomplish this goal. Encoding input data involves scrambling it with a generated key and then transforming it through the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT). Subsequently, the output from the BWT is compressed through both Move-To-Front Transform and Run-Length Encoding. This method blends the cryptographic principles of confusion and diffusion into the compression process, enhancing its performance. The proposed technique is geared towards providing robust encryption and sufficient compression. Experimentation results show that it outperforms other techniques in terms of compression ratio. A security analysis of the technique has determined that it is susceptible to the secret key and plaintext, as measured by the unicity distance. Additionally, the results of the proposed technique showed a significant improvement with a compression ratio close to 90% after passing all the test text files.
A Decision Model for Ranking Asian Higher Education Institutes Using an NLP-Based Text Analysis Approach B. Prabadevi, N. Deepa, K. Ganesan, Gautam Srivastava ACM Transactions on Asian and Low Resource Language Information Processing, 2023 Identification of the best institute for higher education has become one of the most challenging issues in the present education system. It has become more complicated as more institutes exist with extraordinary infrastructural facilities. Therefore, a decision model is required to identify the best institute for higher education based on multiple criteria. This article proposes a Natural Language Processing (NLP) -based decision model for the identification of the best higher education institute using MCDM methods. The existing decision models for the selection of the best higher education institutions consider a limited number of criteria for decision-making. In this proposed model, 17 criteria and 15 institute datasets have been identified for the development of the decision model through extensive research and experts opinion. The NLP-based text analysis approach is applied to extract the relevant information and convert it to a suitable format. As the relative importance of the criteria plays a crucial role in decision-making, CRITIC and Rank centroid methods are applied for the calculation of relative weights of criteria. TOPSIS method is used to generate the ranking grades of alternatives for each criterion. An objective function is defined to calculate the evaluation scores and select the best institute for higher education. It has been observed that the ranks obtained from the developed model match pretty well with the ranks obtained from other MCDM methods and the experts.
Predictive model for battery life in IoT networks Praveen Kumar Reddy Maddikunta, Gautam Srivastava, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, Natarajan Deepa, Prabadevi Boopathy Iet Intelligent Transport Systems, 2020
An analysis on Version Control Systems N.Deepa, B.Prabadevi, Krithika L.B, B.Deepa International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering Ic Etite 2020, 2020
Efficient Process Scheduling Algorithm using RR and SRTF Preeti Sinha, B. Prabadevi, Sonia Dutta, N Deepa, Neha Kumari International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering Ic Etite 2020, 2020
An improved method for tracing IP packet's source Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2014
NP-FARM: Negative and positive fuzzy association rule mining in transaction dataset Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2014
Dimension reduction using multivariate statistical model International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2014
PARM: A novel positive association rule mining algorithm for discovering malevolent applications in windows operating systems International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2013
Image based DLP security for risk professionals - A high impact strategy International Review on Computers and Software, 2012
Adaptive hypermedia using link nnotation technology and recommender model (AHLARM) Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2012
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Intelligent Fake News Screening Using Hybrid Deep Learning for Regional and Global Languages N Deepa, JN Rani 2025 International Conference On Emerging Computation and Information … , 2025 2025
Transformer-Based Intelligent Tutoring System for Communication Skill Development S Venkatalakshmi, A Valarmathi, CS Angelin, M Swetha, ES Abishek, ... 2025 IEEE 5th International Conference on ICT in Business Industry … , 2025 2025
A review on recent advancements of ChatGPT and datafication in healthcare applications SK Jagatheesaperumal, A Pandiyarajan, P Boopathy, N Deepa, ... Computers in Biology and Medicine 197, 110885 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Prospective study on Platelet Count Indices as Predictive Biomarkers for Development of Complications in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus P Geetha, N Deepa, MI Jebastine, S Revetha Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 15 (1), 13-16 , 2025 2025
Blockchain for Edge Computing in Smart Environments: Use Cases, Issues, and Challenges B Prabadevi, N Deepa, SS Rajan, G Srivastava Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 33 (17), 2430009 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
The Metaverse for industry 5.0 in NextG communications: potential applications and future challenges P Boopathy, N Deepa, PKR Maddikunta, N Victor, TR Gadekallu, ... IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society 6, 4-24 , 2024 2024 Citations: 21
XAI for industry 5.0—Concepts, Opportunities, Challenges, and future directions TR Gadekallu, PKR Maddikunta, P Boopathy, N Deepa, R Chengoden, ... IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 6, 2706-2729 , 2024 2024 Citations: 63
Deep learning for intelligent demand response and smart grids: A comprehensive survey P Boopathy, M Liyanage, N Deepa, M Velavali, S Reddy, ... Computer science review 51, 100617 , 2024 2024 Citations: 135
Bijective Soft Set-Based Decision Model for Classification Rule Generation N Deepa, S Bhuvaneswari, B Prabadevi, JP Jessintha 2023 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT), 1-6 , 2023 2023
Metaverse for industry 5.0 in NextG communications: Potential applications and future challenges B Prabadevi, N Deepa, N Victor, TR Gadekallu, PKR Maddikunta, ... arXiv preprint arXiv:2308.02677 , 2023 2023 Citations: 20
An efficient and secure compression technique for data protection using burrows-wheeler transform algorithm MB Begum, N Deepa, M Uddin, R Kaluri, M Abdelhaq, R Alsaqour Heliyon 9 (6) , 2023 2023 Citations: 42
A decision model for ranking Asian Higher Education Institutes using an NLP-based text analysis approach B Prabadevi, N Deepa, K Ganesan, G Srivastava ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing … , 2023 2023 Citations: 13
Children Specifically Language Impairment Severity Level Prediction using Improved Conditional Random Fields and Comparison with Traditional Models N Deepa 2023 3rd International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and … , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
A survey on blockchain for big data: Approaches, opportunities, and future directions N Deepa, QV Pham, DC Nguyen, S Bhattacharya, B Prabadevi, ... Future Generation Computer Systems 131, 209-226 , 2022 2022 Citations: 826
Industry 5.0: A survey on enabling technologies and potential applications PKR Maddikunta, QV Pham, N Deepa, K Dev, TR Gadekallu, R Ruby, ... Journal of industrial information integration 26, 100257 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2496
Detecting COVID-19-related fake news using feature extraction S Khan, S Hakak, N Deepa, B Prabadevi, K Dev, S Trelova Frontiers in Public Health 9, 788074 , 2022 2022 Citations: 73
Detecting heart ailments by investigating ECG with neural networks B Prabadevi, N Deepa, LB Krithika, RR Gulati, R Sivakumar International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics 14 (5), 414-423 , 2022 2022
Expert System for Stable Power Generation Prediction in Microbial Fuel Cell. K Srinivasan, L Garg, AA Alaboudi, NZ Jhanjhi, B Prabadevi, N Deepa Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 30 (1) , 2021 2021 Citations: 11
Blockchain for edge of things: Applications, opportunities, and challenges TR Gadekallu, QV Pham, DC Nguyen, PKR Maddikunta, N Deepa, ... IEEE Internet of Things Journal 9 (2), 964-988 , 2021 2021 Citations: 268
Blockchain for Edge of Things: Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges T Reddy Gadekallu, QV Pham, DC Nguyen, PK Reddy Maddikunta, ... arXiv e-prints, arXiv: 2110.05022 , 2021 2021
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Industry 5.0: A survey on enabling technologies and potential applications PKR Maddikunta, QV Pham, N Deepa, K Dev, TR Gadekallu, R Ruby, ... Journal of industrial information integration 26, 100257 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2496
A survey on blockchain for big data: Approaches, opportunities, and future directions N Deepa, QV Pham, DC Nguyen, S Bhattacharya, B Prabadevi, ... Future Generation Computer Systems 131, 209-226 , 2022 2022 Citations: 826
Sensors driven AI-based agriculture recommendation model for assessing land suitability DR Vincent, N Deepa, D Elavarasan, K Srinivasan, SH Chauhdary, ... Sensors 19 (17), 3667 , 2019 2019 Citations: 290
Blockchain for edge of things: Applications, opportunities, and challenges TR Gadekallu, QV Pham, DC Nguyen, PKR Maddikunta, N Deepa, ... IEEE Internet of Things Journal 9 (2), 964-988 , 2021 2021 Citations: 268
An AI-based intelligent system for healthcare analysis using Ridge-Adaline Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier: N. Deepa et al. N Deepa, B Prabadevi, PK Maddikunta, TR Gadekallu, T Baker, MA Khan, ... The Journal of Supercomputing 77 (2), 1998-2017 , 2021 2021 Citations: 183
Comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms for prediction of smart grid stability † AK Bashir, S Khan, B Prabadevi, N Deepa, WS Alnumay, TR Gadekallu, ... International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 31 (9), e12706 , 2021 2021 Citations: 157
Deep learning for intelligent demand response and smart grids: A comprehensive survey P Boopathy, M Liyanage, N Deepa, M Velavali, S Reddy, ... Computer science review 51, 100617 , 2024 2024 Citations: 135
Predictive model for battery life in IoT networks PK Reddy Maddikunta, G Srivastava, T Reddy Gadekallu, N Deepa, ... IET Intelligent Transport Systems 14 (11), 1388-1395 , 2020 2020 Citations: 124
Toward blockchain for edge-of-things: a new paradigm, opportunities, and future directions B Prabadevi, N Deepa, QV Pham, DC Nguyen, T Reddy, PN Pathirana, ... IEEE Internet of Things Magazine 4 (2), 102-108 , 2021 2021 Citations: 81
Detecting COVID-19-related fake news using feature extraction S Khan, S Hakak, N Deepa, B Prabadevi, K Dev, S Trelova Frontiers in Public Health 9, 788074 , 2022 2022 Citations: 73
Decision-making tool for crop selection for agriculture development N Deepa, K Ganesan Neural Computing and Applications 31 (4), 1215-1225 , 2019 2019 Citations: 69
XAI for industry 5.0—Concepts, Opportunities, Challenges, and future directions TR Gadekallu, PKR Maddikunta, P Boopathy, N Deepa, R Chengoden, ... IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 6, 2706-2729 , 2024 2024 Citations: 63
Realizing sustainable development via modified integrated weighting MCDM model for ranking agrarian dataset N Deepa, K Ganesan, K Srinivasan, CY Chang Sustainability 11 (21), 6060 , 2019 2019 Citations: 57
Multiclass model for agriculture development using multivariate statistical method N Deepa, MZ Khan, B Prabadevi, DRV PM, PKR Maddikunta, ... IEEE Access 8, 183749-183758 , 2020 2020 Citations: 56
Multi-class classification using hybrid soft decision model for agriculture crop selection N Deepa, K Ganesan Neural Computing and Applications 30 (4), 1025-1038 , 2018 2018 Citations: 48
Deep learning for intelligent demand response and smart grids: A comprehensive survey QV Pham, M Liyanage, N Deepa, M Vvss, S Reddy, PKR Maddikunta, ... arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.08013 , 2021 2021 Citations: 45
An efficient and secure compression technique for data protection using burrows-wheeler transform algorithm MB Begum, N Deepa, M Uddin, R Kaluri, M Abdelhaq, R Alsaqour Heliyon 9 (6) , 2023 2023 Citations: 42
Quality assessment of tire shearography images via ensemble hybrid faster region-based ConvNets CY Chang, K Srinivasan, WC Wang, GP Ganapathy, DR Vincent, ... Electronics 9 (1), 45 , 2019 2019 Citations: 41
Hybrid rough fuzzy soft classifier based multi-class classification model for agriculture crop selection: N. Deepa, K. Ganesan N Deepa, K Ganesan Soft computing 23 (21), 10793-10809 , 2019 2019 Citations: 34
An ensemble model for intrusion detection in the internet of softwarized things G Srivastava, TR G, N Deepa, B Prabadevi, PK Reddy M Adjunct proceedings of the 2021 international conference on distributed … , 2021 2021 Citations: 32