Performance of table tomato plants with irrigation shifts associated with rooting agent doses Laura Bernardino Fernandes Giroldo, César Antônio da Silva, Cícero José da Silva Comunicata Scientiae, 2024 This study aimed to evaluate the development and production of table tomato plants, cultivar BSDS0005, in a protected environment, using different irrigation schedules and doses of the rooting agent Raizal®. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Morrinhos from June to October 2021. The design was randomized blocks with three replications arranged in a split-plot scheme, with three irrigation shifts (1, 2, and 3 days) in the plots and five doses of Raizal® rooting agent (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g plant-1) in the sub-plots. 14.5 L pots of soil were used, arranged in double rows, 0.4 m between pots, 0.45 m between single rows, and 1.15 m between double rows. A drip irrigation system was used, with 2 L h-1 self-compensating emitters. Irrigation was managed by replenishing 100% of the crop evapotranspiration in each irrigation shift. The results show that the Raizal® was efficient at a dose of 10 g plant-1, with better performance in flower abortion rate and yield. The two-day irrigation shift showed better performance in terms of root dry mass (18.14 g root-1), flower abortion rate (57.41%), yield, and water use efficiency (0.077 m3 kg-1 of fruit).
Lettuce production in hydroponic and fish-farming aquaponic under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in the NFT system Vinícius V. O. Mendonça, César A. da Silva, Claudia R. O. S. G. Mendonça, Cícero J. da Silva, Claudinei M. Guimarães Revista Brasileira De Engenharia Agricola E Ambiental, 2023 The slope of cultivation channels and types of nutrient solutions in hydroponics and aquaponics influence nutrient absorption and plant production. This research aimed to evaluate lettuce production under different channel slopes and nutrient solutions in hydroponic and aquaponic systems using the nutrient film technique (NFT). A randomized block design was used, with three replicates, in a 3 × 5 split-plot scheme, with three nutrient solutions (conventional hydroponic solution and two wastewaters from the tilapia fish diets, with 15 and 18% of crude protein) and five slopes (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) of cultivation channels (PVC tubes). The following variables were evaluated: fresh and dry mass of shoot and roots and the chemical elements of the solutions. In the tilapia feed, the nutrient solution with 18% of protein (wastewater) provides greater production and accumulation of nutrients (N and P) in the lettuce shoot. The slope of 8% on cultivation channels provides greater production of iceberg lettuce, cultivar Lucy Brown. The different slopes and nutrient solutions studied did not influence the potassium (K) accumulation in the lettuce shoot.
WATER REQUIREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL TOMATO IN SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR THE CERRADO CONDITIONS, IN GOIAS, BRAZIL CÍCERO JOSÉ DA SILVA, CÉSAR ANTÔNIO DA SILVA, NADSON DE CARVALHO PONTES, LUIZ FELIPE MARIANO DA SILVA, DENISE D’ ANGELO FREITAS, et al. Irriga, 2022 Necessidades hídricas do tomateiro industrial irrigado por gotejamento enterrado para as condições de Cerrado de Goiás CÍCERO JOSÉ DA SILVA1; CÉSAR ANTÔNIO DA SILVA1; NADSON DE CARVALHO PONTES1; LUIZ FELIPE MARIANO DA SILVA2; Denise D’ Angelo Freitas2 E ÊNIO EDUARDO BASÍLIO3 1Professor do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: cicero.silva@ifgoiano.edu.br; cesar.antonio@ifgoiano.edu.br; nadson.pontes@ifgoiano.edu.br 2Estudante de Iniciação Científica do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: luizfelipeagroif@outlook.com; ddfreitas11@hotmail.com 3Técnico Administrativo, Mestre em Olericultura, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: enio.basilio@ifgoiano.edu.br 1 Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar as necessidades hídricas e o coeficiente de cultivo do tomateiro para processamento industrial irrigado por gotejamento enterrado em área de Cerrado de Goiás. A pesquisa foi conduzida durante dois anos no Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos, Goiás, situada a 885 metros de altitude, 17º49’19” de latitude Sul e 49º12’11” de longitude Oeste. A evapotranspiração da cultura foi determinada utilizando-se cinco minilisímetros de pesagem cultivados com uma planta cada. O coeficiente de cultivo foi estimado através da razão entre a evapotranspiração da cultura de cada fase de desenvolvimento do híbrido e a evapotranspiração de referência estimada pela equação de Penman-Monteith. A demanda do tomateiro “híbrido BRS Sena” irrigado por gotejamento enterrado nas condições de Cerrado de Goiás foi de 490 e 427 mm nos dois anos de cultivo, respectivamente. As necessidades hídricas do “híbrido BRS Sena” variaram em função do ano de plantio e do seu desenvolvimento vegetativo e produtivo. Os coeficientes de cultivo médios estimados de dois anos de pesquisa para as condições de cultivo no Cerrado foram de 0,60-0,65 (0 – 10 dias após o transplantio); 0,88-1,00 (11 – 40 dias após o transplantio); 1,00-1,23 (41 – 70 dias após o transplantio); 1,07- 1,27 (71 – 97 dias após o transplantio) e; 0,71-0,83 (98 – 125 dias após o transplantio). Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicom L., gotejamento subsuperficial, manejo da irrigação, coeficiente de cultivo Silva, c. j. da; Silva, c. A. da; pontes, n. de C.; SILVA, L. F. M. da; FREITAS, D. D. A.; BASÍLIO, Ê. E. WATER REQUIREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL TOMATO IN SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR THE CERRADO CONDITIONS, IN GOIAS, BRAZIL 2 abstract The aim this research was to mensure the water requirement and the crop coefficient of the industrial tomato, BRS Sena hybrid, irrigated by subsurface drip irrigation, in the Cerrado area of Goiás, Brazil. The research was conducted in two consecutive years, 2015 and 2016, in an Horticulture Experimental Area of the Federal Goiano Institute - Campus Morrinhos, Goiás, located at 885 meters of altitude, 17º49'19” south latitude and 49º12'11” west longitude. The crop evapotranspiration was mensured using five weighing mini-lysimeters, cultivated with one plant each. The crop coefficient was estimated through the ratio between the crop evapotranspiration of each hybrid development stage and the reference evapotranspiration estimated by the Penman-Monteith equation. Under cultivation conditions, the tomato required a replacement the 490 and 427 mm of the crop evapotranspiration accumulated, in the two years, respectively. The water needs of the hybrid vary depending on the year of planting and also on the basis of its vegetative and productive development. The estimated average crop coefficients from two years of research for cropping conditions in the Cerrado were 0.60-0.65 (0 – 10 days after transplanting); 0.88-1.00 (11 - 40 days after transplantation); 1.00-1.23 (41 – 70 days after transplantation); 1.07-1.27 (71 – 97 days after transplanting) and; 0.71-0.83 (98 – 125 days after transplanting). Keywords: Solanum lycopersicom L., subsurface drip irrigation, irrigation management, crop coefficient
Physicochemical characteristics of tomato fruits for industrial processing according to the irrigation management Cícero J. da Silva, César A. da Silva, Rhayf E. Rodrigues, Nadson de C. Pontes, Luiz F. M. da Silva, et al. Revista Brasileira De Engenharia Agricola E Ambiental, 2022 This study was carried out to evaluate the postharvest quality of processing tomato fruits, submitted to irrigation depths and periods of suspension of irrigation before harvest, irrigated by subsurface drip in Cerrado areas in the southern region of Goiás State, Brazil, in 2015 and 2016. The experiments were established under a randomized block design, with four replicates arranged in a split plots scheme. In the plots, five irrigation depths were evaluated (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration) and, in the subplots, five periods of suspension of irrigation (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days before harvest) were assessed. After harvesting, which occurred at 125 days after transplanting the seedlings, the average fruit mass, fruit shape (longitudinal and transversal diameter), total soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, firmness, pulp yield, and water productivity for pulp yield were evaluated. Irrigation deficit, with the replacement of less than 100% of crop evapotranspiration, allowed to save water but significantly reduced the size of the fruits and the production of concentrated pulp. The suspension of irrigation before harvest decreased pulp yield and fruit size. The highest water productivity for pulp yield of tomato fruits occurred under water deficit with 50% of crop evapotranspiration. Irrigation depths from 50 to 150% of crop evapotranspiration and suspension before harvest does not influence total soluble solids content, pH, and fruit firmness.
Industrial tomato plant development in response to different irrigation levels Cícero José da Silva, José Antônio Frizzone, César Antônio da Silva, Nadson de Carvalho Pontes, Luiz Felipe Mariano da Silva, et al. Irriga, 2020 DESENVOLVIMENTO DO TOMATEIRO INDUSTRIAL EM RESPOSTA A DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE IRRIGAÇÃO
 
 
 Cícero José da Silva1; José Antônio Frizzone2; César Antônio da Silva3; Nadson de Carvalho Pontes4; Luiz Felipe Mariano da Silva5 E Ênio Eduardo Basílio6
 
 1Professor do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: cicero.silva@ifgoiano.edu.br 
 2Professor Aposentado Colaborador Senior, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossitemas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” – Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, N 11, Caixa Postal 9, CEP: 13418-900, Piracicaba – SP, Brasil. E-mail: frizzone@usp.br 
 3Professor do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: cesar.antonio@ifgoiano.edu.br
 4Professor do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: nadson.pontes@ifgoiano.edu.br 
 5Estudante de Iniciação Científica do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: luizfelipeagroif@outlook.com 
 6Técnico Administrativo, Mestre em Olericultura, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Morrinhos – GO, BR 153, Km 633, Zonal Rural, CEP;75650-000, Morrinhos – GO, Brasil. E-mail: enio.basilio@ifgoiano.edu.br 
 
 
 1 RESUMO
 
 O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de plantas de tomateiros submetidas a diferentes níveis de reposição da irrigação, aplicados via sistema gotejamento subsuperficial durante duas safras. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados cinco níveis de irrigação: 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% da evapotranspiração da cultura (%ETc) medida com lisímetros de pesagem, sobre o desenvolvimento de plantas de tomateiro. Cada parcela experimental foi composta por três fileiras de plantas de 5,5 m de comprimento, espaçadas a 1,10 m entre si e 0,30 m entre plantas. As avaliações de área foliar, índice de área foliar, massa seca de raiz, caule, folhas, flores, frutos e total foram realizadas aos 45, 65 e 85 dias após o transplante das mudas. Irrigações deficitárias e em excesso prejudicaram o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas de tomateiro. Os maiores valores de área foliar, índice de área foliar e massa seca total das plantas de tomateiro foram estimados com níveis de irrigação que variaram de 96 a 112% da ETc, variando de acordo com o ano de avaliação e a fase de desenvolvimento do tomateiro. Irrigações deficitárias e excessivas prejudicaram a floração e frutificação do tomateiro híbrido BRS Sena.
 
 Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicom L.; gotejamento enterrado; manejo da irrigação; massa seca.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Silva, c. j. da; FRIZZONE, J. A.; SILVA, C. A. da; pontes, n. de C.; SILVA, L. F. M. da; BASÍLIO, Ê. E. 
 Industrial tomato plant development in response to different irrigation levels
 
 2 ABSTRACT
 
 This research aimed to evaluate tomato plant development submitted to different irrigation replacement levels, irrigated via subsurface drip system for two harvests. The experiment was conducted under a randomized complete block design with four replications. Five irrigation levels were evaluated: 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration (% ETc) measured with weighing lysimeters over the tomato plants development. Each experimental plot was composed of three plants rows with 5.5 m long, spaced 1.10 m apart and 0.30 m between plants. Leaf area, leaf area index, root dry matter, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits and total were evaluated at 45, 65 and 85 days after seedlings transplanting. Deficit and excess irrigation impaired the vegetative development of tomato plants. The highest values of leaf area, leaf area index and plants total dry mass were estimated with irrigation levels ranging from 96 to 112% of ETc, depending on the evaluation harvest year and the crop development phase. Deficit and excessive irrigation affected the flowering and fruiting of the hybrid tomato BRS Sena.
 
 Keywords: Solanum lycopersicom L; subsurface drip irrigation; irrigation manegement; dry mass.
Tomato yield as a function of water depths and irrigation suspension periods Cícero J. da Silva, José A. Frizzone, César A. da Silva, Adelmo Golynski, Luiz F. M. da Silva, et al. Revista Brasileira De Engenharia Agricola E Ambiental, 2019 Irrigation management is essential for tomato fruits yield and quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of tomatoes for industrial processing, ‘BRS Sena’ hybrid, subjected to water depths and irrigation suspension periods before harvest, irrigated by subsurface drip irrigation, in Goiás, Brazil (17º 49’ 19.5” S and 49º 12’ 11.3” W), in 2015 and 2016. The experiments were conducted under a randomized complete block design, with four replications, in split plots. Five irrigation levels (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration) were evaluated in the plots and five irrigation suspension periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days before harvest) were evaluated in the subplots. At 125 days after transplanting the seedlings, the yields of green, mature, rotten fruits and total yield, water productivity and percentages of green, mature and rotten fruits were evaluated. The highest total fruit yields (105.86 and 58.60 t ha-1) were obtained with water replacements ranging from 125.47 (615.09 mm) to 132.11 (564.00 mm) of crop evapotranspiration, in the first and second year of experiment, respectively. Growing plants under water deficit and excess increased the incidence of rotten fruits and decreased that of mature fruits. Pre-harvest irrigation suspension reduced crop yield and incidence of green fruits and increased the incidence of rotten fruits. The highest water productivity by the crop occurred under water deficit, management that may be interesting for regions with water restrictions.
Tomato water stress index as a function of irrigation depths Cícero J. da Silva, César A. da Silva, Carlos A. de Freitas, Adelmo Golynski, Luiz F. M. da Silva, et al. Revista Brasileira De Engenharia Agricola E Ambiental, 2018 Infrared thermometry allows evaluating plants under water stress, by measuring the canopy temperature, without the need of physical contact with the leaves. The aim of this study was to determine the water stress index of the tomato crop for industrial processing (Hybrid ‘BRS Sena’), as a function of irrigation depths applied by subsurface drip irrigation, in Southern Goiás, Brazil, in 2015 and 2016. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with four replicates. The treatments consisted in five irrigation depths: 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration. The water stress index of the tomato crop was evaluated using two methodologies, as a function of the canopy temperature, air temperature and other local meteorological parameters, as well as the relationship between water stress index and crop yield. Theoretical and empirical methods estimate CWSI similarly in tomato. In the hottest hours of the day, even under adequate soil moisture conditions, the ‘BRS Sena’ tomato showed CWSI above 0.2. CWSI is a good indicator to evaluate the water status of the tomato crop for industrial processing and to recommend the moment of irrigation. The higher the CWSI, the lower the yield of ‘BRS Sena’ tomato.
Development of Hymenaea courbaril seedlings in function of containers and irrigation blades César Antônio da Silva, Durval Dourado Neto, Cícero José da Silva, Carlos Alessandro de Freitas Revista Arvore, 2016 The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of container sizes and irrigation levels on "jatoba" (Hymenaea courbaril L.) seedlings development. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse from September 2010 to March 2011. The design was in randomized blocks, with three replications in split plots, in a 2 x 5 scheme. Two container sizes (rigid pots of 3.1 L and stiff plastic tubes of 4.0 L) were used in the plots, while five drip irrigation levels (20%, 40%, 60% 80% and 100% of potential evapotranspiration - ETp) were used in the subplots. The irrigations were accomplished daily. Each subplot was constituted by eight seedlings. In the period from 80 to 200 days after sowing (DAS), the seedling height (AM), stem diameter (DC), leaves number (NF), leaf area (AF), dry matter mass of roots (MSR) and seedling (MSM) and relation between root dry matter mass and aerial part (MSR/MSPA) were evaluated. The stiff plastic tube provided larger ETp, in comparison with the rigid pot and, consequently, more developed seedlings. Irrigation levels from 90% to 100% of ETp provided more vigorous seedlings. The increase of water deficit reduces all the parameters of jatoba seedlings, except the MSR/MSPA ratio.
Development of surinam cherry seedlings as a function of irrigation depths in two container sizes César Antônio da Silva, Durval Dourado Neto, Cícero José da Silva, Berildo De Melo Irriga, 2015 DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE PITANGUEIRA EM FUNÇÃO DE LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM DOIS TAMANHOS DE RECIPIENTE César Antônio da Silva1; Durval Dourado Neto2; Cícero José da Silva3 e Berildo de Melo4 1Tecnólogo em Irrigação e Drenagem, Prof. Dr. Instituto Federal Goiano, Câmpus Morrinhos, Rodovia BR-153, km 633, Zona Rural. CEP 75650-000, Morrinhos, Goiás, Brasil, cesar.antonio@ifgoiano.edu.br2Agrônomo, Prof. Dr. Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”/Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil, ddourado@usp.br3Tecnólogo em Irrigação e Drenagem, Doutorando em Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícolas, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil, cicero.silva@ifgoiano.edu.br4Agrônomo, Prof. Dr. Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil, berildo@ufu.br 1 RESUMO Objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.), em função de lâminas de irrigação em dois tamanhos de recipiente. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, na Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, em Piracicaba, SP, no período de outubro 2010 a abril 2011. O delineamento foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, em parcelas subdivididas, no esquema 2 x 5. Nas parcelas, foram utilizados vasos rígidos de 2,3 L e sacos plásticos de 2,0 L, e nas subparcelas, lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento, equivalentes a 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100% da evapotranspiração potencial (ETp). No período de 80 a 200 dias após a semeadura, foram avaliados a altura de muda, área foliar, massa de matéria seca de muda, partição da matéria seca e relação entre as massas de raízes e parte aérea. O vaso rígido proporcionou maior ETp, em relação ao saco plástico e, consequentemente, maior massa de matéria seca e desenvolvimento das mudas. A lâmina de irrigação de 100% da ETp propiciou a produção de mudas de pitangueira mais vigorosas. Palavras-chave: Eugenia uniflora, evapotranspiração potencial, deficit hídrico, matéria seca. SILVA, C. A. da; DOURADO NETO, D.; SILVA, C. J. da; MELO, B. deDEVELOPMENT OF SURINAM CHERRY SEEDLINGS AS A FUNCTION OF IRRIGATION DEPTHS IN TWO CONTAINER SIZES 2 ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the development of Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.) seedlings as a function of irrigation depths in two container sizes. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at Luiz de Queiroz Agriculture College, Piracicaba city, SP, from October 2010 to April 2011. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replicates in a split-plot 2 x 5 factorial design. Rigid pots of 2.3 L and plastic bags of 2.0 L were used in the plots, and irrigation depths by dripping equal to 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% potential evapotranspiration ( ETp) were used in the subplots. In the period of 80 to 200 days after sowing, the following parameters were evaluated: seedling height, leaf area, seedling dry matter mass, dry matter partitioning and relationship between root and above-ground masses. The rigid pot provided higher ETp as compared with that of the plastic bag, and therefore, higher dry matter mass and seedling development. Irrigation depth of 100% ETp provided production of more vigorous Surinam cherry seedlings. Keywords: Eugenia uniflora, potential evapotranspiration, water deficit, dry matter.
Production and growth of baruzeiro seedlings as a function of containers and irrigation depths Cícero José da Silva, César Antônio da Silva, Carlos Alessandro de Freitas, Adelmo Golynski, Anselmo Afonso Golynski Irriga, 2015 PRODUÇÃO E CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE BARUZEIRO EM FUNÇÃO DE RECIPIENTES E LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO CÍCERO JOSÉ DA SILVA1; CÉSAR ANTÔNIO DA SILVA2; CARLOS ALESSANDRO DE FREITAS3; ADELMO GOLYNSKI4 E ANSELMO AFONSO GOLYNSKI5 1 Professor, Mestre, Curso de Agronomia do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano), Câmpus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, cicero.silva@ifgoiano.edu.br2 Professor, Doutor, Curso de Agronomia, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano), Câmpus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, cesar.ufu@gmail.com 3 Estudante, Agronomia do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano), Câmpus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, carloscaf77@gmail.com.4 Professor, Doutor, Curso de Agronomia, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano), Câmpus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO adelmo.golynski@ifgoiano.edu.br5Professor, Doutor, Curso de Agronomia, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano), Câmpus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, anselmo.golynski@ifgoiano.edu.br 1 RESUMO O baruzeiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) é uma espécie do bioma Cerrado promissora para o cultivo, em virtude de seu potencial madeireiro e oleaginoso, e sua utilização na recuperação de áreas degradadas. Por serem escassas as informações sobre necessidades hídricas da espécie, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção e crescimento de mudas de baruzeiro em função de lâminas de irrigação e tamanhos de recipiente. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, no período de maio a outubro de 2010. O delineamento foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, em parcelas subdivididas com oito mudas cada, no esquema 2 x 5. Nas parcelas, utilizaram-se dois tamanhos de recipientes (vasos de 3,1 L e citrovasos de 4,0 L), e nas subparcelas, lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento, iguais a 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc). Aos 100 dias após a germinação, foram avaliados: o desenvolvimento vegetativo, a produção de matéria seca e o índice de qualidade das mudas, através do Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). O citrovaso proporcionou maior ETc em relação ao vaso e, consequentemente, mudas mais desenvolvidas. Lâminas de 70% a 95% da ETc propiciaram mudas de baruzeiro de maior vigor. O aumento do déficit hídrico reduziu o desenvolvimento de mudas de baruzeiro. A lâmina ótima de irrigação, foi estimada em 71% da ETc, independentemente do recipiente, o que resultou um IQD de 0,55. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dipteryx alata Vog.; evapotranspiração de cultura; déficit hídrico; Cerrado; espécies nativas. SILVA, C. J. da; SILVA, C. A. da; FREITAS, C. A. de; GOLYNSKI, A.; GOLYNSKI, A. A.PRODUCTION AND GROWTH OF BARUZEIRO SEEDLINGS AS A FUNCTION OF CONTAINERS AND IRRIGATION DEPTHS 2 ABSTRACT Baruzeiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a species from the Brush biome which is considered promising for cultivation because of its timber and oleaginous potential and use to recover degraded areas. Due to scarce information on water requirements of the species, the objective of this study was to evaluate production and growth of baruzeiro seedlings as a function of container sizes and irrigation depths The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse from May to October 2010. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replicates in a split-plot 2 x 5 design, with eight seedlings in each one. Two sizes of containers were used in the plots (3.1 and 4.0 L rigid pots of straight stiff plastic tube) and irrigation drip levels equal to 20%, 40%, 60% 80% and 100% crop evapotranspiration (Etc) were used in the subplots. At 100 days after emergence, the following parameters were evaluated: vegetative growth, dry matter production and index of seedling quality by the Dickson quality index (DQI). The stiff plastic tube provided higher Etc in relation to that of the rigid pot, and therefore, more developed seedlings. Water depth from 70% to 95% ETc provided more vigorous D. alata Vog. seedlings. The increase in water deficit reduced the seedling development. The ideal irrigation level was estimated as 71% ETc, regardless the container, which provided DQI of 0.55. Keywords: Dipteryx alata Vog., crop evapotranspiration, water deficit, Brush, native species.
Seeds weight and sowing depths in the development of tamarind seedlings Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura, 2010
