MILIND CHITNIS

Dr Milind Chitnis is the Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Paediatric Surgery at the East London Hospital Complex, affiliated with the Walter Sisulu University in East London, South Africa. He has been the Honorary Secretary of the College of Paediatric Surgeons of South Africa for the 2020-2023 period and a member of the Council of the College of Paediatric Surgeons of South Africa for 2017-2026. He is a board member of the Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery (2020-2026) and the Honorary Secretary of the Pan African Association of Paediatric Surgeons (PAPSA) for 2023-2027. He is also a founding Trustee of the NPO- Eyabantwana for the Children- which supports the needs of the Department of Paediatric Surgery in East London. He is passionate about improving Paediatric Surgical care and training in low- and middle-income countries in general and Africa in particular.

EDUCATION

Certificate in Paediatric Surgery 2004 College of Medicine of South Africa

Master of Chirurgiae (MCh) 1989 Bombay (Mumbai) University, India
(Paediatric Surgery)

Master of Surgery (MS)
(General Surgery) 1986 University of Poona (Pune), India

Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor
of Surgery (MBBS) 1982 University of Poona (Pune), India

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Surgery, Pediatrics

Scopus Publications

GAPS phase II: development and pilot results of the global assessment in pediatric surgery, an evidence-based pediatric surgical capacity assessment tool for low-resource settings
Yasmine Yousef, Sarah Cairo, Etienne St-Louis, Laura F. Goodman, Doulia M. Hamad, Robert Baird, Emily R. Smith, Sherif Emil, Jean-Martin Laberge, Mohamed Abdelmalak, Zipporah Gathuy, Faye Evans, Maryam Ghavami Adel, Ki K. Bertille, Milind Chitnis, Leecarlo Millano, Peter Nthumba, Sergio d’Agostino, Bruno Cigliano, Luis Zea-Salazar, Emmanuel Ameh, Doruk Ozgediz, Elena Guadagno, Dan Poenaru
Pediatric Surgery International, 2024
Machine Learning to Predict Interim Response in Pediatric Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Using Affordable Blood Tests
Jennifer A. Geel, Artsiom Hramyka, Jan du Plessis, Yasmin Goga, Anel Van Zyl, Marc G. Hendricks, Thanushree Naidoo, Rema Mathew, Lizette Louw, Amy Carr, Beverley Neethling, Tanya M. Schickerling, Fareed Omar, Liezl Du Plessis, Elelwani Madzhia, Vhutshilo Netshituni, Katherine Eyal, Thandeka V.Z. Ngcana, Tom Kelsey, Daynia E. Ballott, Monika L. Metzger, for the South African Children's Cancer Study Group, David Stones, Ruellyn Cockroft, Alan Davidson, Anabela Andrade, Ane Buchner, Ann Van Eyssen, Barry van Emmenes, Biance Rowe, Clare Stannard, Cristina Stefan, David Reynders, Diane MacKinnon, Elmarie Mathews, Fareed Omar, Farieda Desai, Gesami Steytler, Gita Naidu, Janet Poole, Jeanette Parkes, Johani Vermeulen, Karin Lecuona, Karla Thomas, Kate Bennett, Kershinee Reddy, Keshnie Moodley, Komala Pillay, Mariana Kruger, Jaques van Heerden, Linda Wainwright, Leila Schoonraad, Lourens de Jager, Mairi Bassingthwaighte, Manickavallie Vaithilingum, Nicolene Moonsamy, Oloko Wedi, Palessa Radebe, Ronelle Uys, Stelios Poyiadjis, Thandeka Ngcana, Thanushree Naidoo, Rajendra Thejpal, Rosemarie Schwyzer, Johannes Du Plessis, Candice Hendricks, Pieter Hesseling, Barry Vanemmenes, Judy Schoeman, Mohamed Adamjee, Milind Chitnis, Pat Hartley, Wendy Mathiassen, Alistair Millar, Colleen Wright, Nadia Beringer, Ngoakoana Mahlachana, Thandeka Nkabi, Jade Flood, Mampoi Jonas, Hamidah Van Staaden, Thurandrie Naicker, Pawel Schubert, Bulelwa Masoka
JCO Global Oncology, 2024
PURPOSE Response assessment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) with positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET-CT) is standard of care in well-resourced settings but unavailable in most African countries. We aimed to investigate correlations between changes in PET-CT findings at interim analysis with changes in blood test results in pediatric patients with cHL in 17 South African centers. METHODS Changes in ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), albumin, total white cell count (TWC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and absolute eosinophil count were compared with PET-CT Deauville scores (DS) after two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine in 84 pediatric patients with cHL. DS 1-3 denoted rapid early response (RER) while DS 4-5 denoted slow early response (SER). Missing values were imputed using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. Baseline and follow-up blood test values were combined into a single difference variable. Data were split into training and testing sets for analysis using Python scikit-learn 1.2.2 with logistic regression, random forests, naïve Bayes, and support vector machine classifiers. RESULTS Random forest analysis achieved the best validated test accuracy of 73% when predicting RER or SER from blood samples. When applied to the full data set, the optimal model had a predictive accuracy of 80% and a receiver operating characteristic AUC of 89%. The most predictive variable was the differences in ALC, contributing 21% to the model. Differences in ferritin, LDH, and TWC contributed 15%-16%. Differences in ESR, hemoglobin, and albumin contributed 11%-12%. CONCLUSION Changes in low-cost, widely available blood tests may predict chemosensitivity for pediatric cHL without access to PET-CT, identifying patients who may not require radiotherapy. Changes in these nonspecific blood tests should be assessed in combination with clinical findings and available imaging to avoid undertreatment.
An International Consensus Survey among Pediatric Surgeons on the Role of Appendectomy in Malrotation
Revathy Menon, Kirtikumar J. Rathod, Arvind Sinha, Ashish Minocha, Carlos Garcia Hernandez, Dapeng Jiang, Enaam Raboei, Jiaoyang Cai, Lily J Saldana Gallo, Milind Chitnis, Purushottam Gera, Samir Pandya, Zainab Al Balushi
Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, 2024
Introduction: Ladd’s procedure, originally described in 1936 for the treatment of malrotation, does not traditionally include appendectomy as a standard step. We conducted a multinational survey to investigate the current consensus on the role of appendectomy in Ladd’s procedure. Methodology: An anonymous online survey was distributed to pediatric surgeons worldwide. The survey collected demographic data and explored surgical preferences related to the management of malrotation. Open-ended questions were used to assess the opinions regarding the necessity of appendectomy, decision-making factors, and complications associated with appendectomy during Ladd’s procedure. Results: A total of 343 responses were received from 46 countries. Of the respondents, 319 (93%) were consultants and 24 (7%) were residents/trainees. When asked about the choice between open and laparoscopic Ladd’s procedure, 292 (85%) preferred open surgery. Overall, 184 (53%) respondents favored appendectomy in both open and laparoscopic Ladd’s procedure. Furthermore, 172 (50%) surgeons advocated for appendectomy in all malrotation cases, citing concerns about potential future appendicitis. While differences existed between all comparisons, none of them reached statistical significance. The factors influencing the decision to preserve the appendix included the risk of postoperative complications and the potential future use of the appendix as a surgical conduit. The surgical complications following appendectomy included surgical site infections in 14 (33%) patients, adhesive obstruction in 13 (31%) patients, intrabdominal abscesses in 10 (24%) patients, and fecal fistulas in 5 (12%) patients. Conclusion: The majority of surgeons aim to perform appendectomy in all malrotation cases, considering the potential risks and benefits of this approach. These findings offer valuable insights for clinical practice and may inform future guidelines and decision-making algorithms.
Trauma and sexual abuse in children—Epidemiology, challenges, management strategies and prevention in lower- and middle-income countries
Abdelbasit E Ali, Shilpa Sharma, Olumide A Elebute, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Noxolo Z. Mashavave, Milind Chitnis, Simone Abib, Fazal Nouman Wahid
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery, 2023
Prevalence of gastroschisis and its neonatal mortality in the Eastern Cape Province tertiary institutions
SelloS Machaea, MilindR Chitnis, Phumza Nongena
African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, 2023
Context: Gastroschisis is a common abdominal wall defect faced by paediatric surgeons worldwide. Early gastroschisis detection, access to improved neonatal intensive care, parenteral nutrition and surgical techniques have led to a reported improvement in mortality of between 4% and 8% in high-income countries. In low to middle income countries, such as in Southern Africa, however, there is as much as 84% mortality among patients with gastroschisis. This is thought to be due to factors such as lack of antenatal screening, access to neonatal intensive care services and parenteral nutrition. Aims: The purpose of this study was to calculate the prevalence of gastroschisis and report on its neonatal mortality in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Settings and Design: A retrospective observational study on all neonates with gastroschisis, presenting to a tertiary facility offering paediatric surgical services within the Eastern Cape Province from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018. Subjects and Methods: A convenience sampling method was used in retrieving patient files for the study period. Statistical analysis used: Stata version 13. Results: Thirty-seven neonates were included in the study. The prevalence of gastroschisis ranged from 0.07% to 0.18% throughout the 3-year study. The majority (81%) of the neonates were outborn and delivered by mode of caesarean section. Nearly 60% (n = 22) were female. 54% (n = 20) of neonates died within the neonatal period. Conclusions: The majority of the neonates in this study were outborn and female. Although their mortality rate was higher than reported in high-income countries, it was much improved from what is reported in the low to middle income countries.
Long proximal pouch oesophageal atresia with tracheo-oesophageal fistula, a diagnostic dilemma: case report
Sello Machaea, Vuyo Nogela, Milind Chitnis
Annals of Pediatric Surgery, 2022
Background Oesophageal atresia is a congenital abnormality commonly encountered in neonates. Classification proposed by Gross is the most frequently used. It divides the oesophageal anomalies into five types. Type C—proximal oesophageal atresia and distal tracheo-oesophageal fistula—is the most common. Dafoe and Ross described a rare subtype with a long proximal pouch. Only 11 cases of a long proximal pouch have been reported in the English literature so far. We describe a neonate with long proximal pouch oesophageal atresia with distal tracheo-oesophageal fistula emphasizing the difficulty in arriving at the diagnosis. Case presentation A 1-week-old neonate presented with feed intolerance and failure to advance orogastric tube into the stomach. Water soluble upper gastrointestinal tract contrast revealed a blind ending proximal oesophagus at the level of the diaphragm. Gastric volvulus was considered as a diagnosis. Patient underwent a laparotomy where a normal stomach was found. Bubbles were seen coming from the fashioned gastrostomy with each inspiration. This prompted us to consider the possibility of a missed oesophageal atresia with distal tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Diagnosis was confirmed on bronchoscopy and right thoracotomy. The tracheo-oesophageal fistula was ligated and a cervical oesophagostomy and Stamm gastrostomy were performed due to irreparable tear in the long upper pouch. Conclusion This rare subtype of long upper pouch oesophageal atresia poses a diagnostic dilemma that can result in delay in the diagnosis and management. This diagnosis should be suspected if the tip of the orogastric/feeding tube is seen to be far below the level of the carina.
Twelve-month observational study of children with cancer in 41 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
BMJ Global Health, 2022
IntroductionChildhood cancer is a leading cause of death. It is unclear whether the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted childhood cancer mortality. In this study, we aimed to establish all-cause mortality rates for childhood cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic and determine the factors associated with mortality.MethodsProspective cohort study in 109 institutions in 41 countries. Inclusion criteria: children <18 years who were newly diagnosed with or undergoing active treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, retinoblastoma, Wilms tumour, glioma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma. Of 2327 cases, 2118 patients were included in the study. The primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality at 30 days, 90 days and 12 months.ResultsAll-cause mortality was 3.4% (n=71/2084) at 30-day follow-up, 5.7% (n=113/1969) at 90-day follow-up and 13.0% (n=206/1581) at 12-month follow-up. The median time from diagnosis to multidisciplinary team (MDT) plan was longest in low-income countries (7 days, IQR 3–11). Multivariable analysis revealed several factors associated with 12-month mortality, including low-income (OR 6.99 (95% CI 2.49 to 19.68); p<0.001), lower middle income (OR 3.32 (95% CI 1.96 to 5.61); p<0.001) and upper middle income (OR 3.49 (95% CI 2.02 to 6.03); p<0.001) country status and chemotherapy (OR 0.55 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.86); p=0.008) and immunotherapy (OR 0.27 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.91); p=0.035) within 30 days from MDT plan. Multivariable analysis revealed laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 5.33 (95% CI 1.19 to 23.84); p=0.029) was associated with 30-day mortality.ConclusionsChildren with cancer are more likely to die within 30 days if infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, timely treatment reduced odds of death. This report provides crucial information to balance the benefits of providing anticancer therapy against the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cancer.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with paediatric cancer in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, observational cohort study
Prasanna Gomes, Jacqueline Montoya Vasquez, Daniel H Rhee, S. Cooper, Y. Kara
BMJ Open, 2022
ObjectivesPaediatric cancer is a leading cause of death for children. Children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) were four times more likely to die than children in high-income countries (HICs). This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic had affected the delivery of healthcare services worldwide, and exacerbated the disparity in paediatric cancer outcomes between LMICs and HICs.DesignA multicentre, international, collaborative cohort study.Setting91 hospitals and cancer centres in 39 countries providing cancer treatment to paediatric patients between March and December 2020.ParticipantsPatients were included if they were under the age of 18 years, and newly diagnosed with or undergoing active cancer treatment for Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Wilms’ tumour, sarcoma, retinoblastoma, gliomas, medulloblastomas or neuroblastomas, in keeping with the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer.Main outcome measureAll-cause mortality at 30 days and 90 days.Results1660 patients were recruited. 219 children had changes to their treatment due to the pandemic. Patients in LMICs were primarily affected (n=182/219, 83.1%). Relative to patients with paediatric cancer in HICs, patients with paediatric cancer in LMICs had 12.1 (95% CI 2.93 to 50.3) and 7.9 (95% CI 3.2 to 19.7) times the odds of death at 30 days and 90 days, respectively, after presentation during the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). After adjusting for confounders, patients with paediatric cancer in LMICs had 15.6 (95% CI 3.7 to 65.8) times the odds of death at 30 days (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected paediatric oncology service provision. It has disproportionately affected patients in LMICs, highlighting and compounding existing disparities in healthcare systems globally that need addressing urgently. However, many patients with paediatric cancer continued to receive their normal standard of care. This speaks to the adaptability and resilience of healthcare systems and healthcare workers globally.
Clinical presentation and management of childhood intussusception in South Africa
Sharon Cox, Aletha Withers, Marion Arnold, Milind Chitnis, Corné de Vos, Mari Kirsten, Susanna M. le Grange, Jerome Loveland, Sello Machaea, Ashwini Maharaj, Shabir A. Madhi, Jacqueline E. Tate, Umesh D. Parashar, Michelle J. Groome
Pediatric Surgery International, 2021
Purpose We assessed management and outcomes for intussusception at nine academic hospitals in South Africa. Methods Patients ≤ 3 years presenting with intussusception between September 2013 and December 2017 were prospectively enrolled at all sites. Additionally, patients presenting between July 2012 and August 2013 were retrospectively enrolled at one site. Demographics, clinical information, diagnostic modality, reduction methods, surgical intervention and outcomes were reviewed. Results Four hundred seventy-six patients were enrolled, [54% males, median age 6.5 months (IQR 2.6–32.6)]. Vomiting (92%), bloody stool (91%), abdominal mass (57%), fever (32%) and a rectal mass (29%) represented advanced disease: median symptom duration was 3 days (IQR 1–4). Initial reduction attempts included pneumatic reduction (66%) and upfront surgery (32%). The overall non-surgical reduction rate was 28% and enema perforation rate was 4%. Surgery occurred in 334 (70%), 68 (20%) patients had perforated bowel, bowel resection was required in 61%. Complications included recurrence (2%) and nosocomial sepsis (4%). Length of stay (LOS) was significantly longer in patients who developed complications. Six patients died—a mortality rate of 1%. There was a significant difference in reduction rates, upfront surgery, bowel resection, LOS and mortality between centres with shorter symptom duration compared longer symptom duration. Conclusion Delayed presentation was common and associated with low success for enema reduction, higher operative rates, higher rates of bowel resection and increased LOS. Improved primary health-care worker education and streamlining referral pathways might facilitate timely management.
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Naomi Jane Wright, Andrew J.M. Leather, Niyi Ade-Ajayi, Nick Sevdalis, Justine Davies, Dan Poenaru, Emmanuel Ameh, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Kokila Lakhoo, Emily Rose Smith, Abdel Douiri, Maria Elstad, Marcus Sim, Cristiana Riboni, Bruno Martinez-Leo, Melika Akhbari, Stephen Tabiri, Ashrarur Mitul, Dayang Anita Abdul Aziz, Camila Fachin, Alliance Niyukuri, Muhammad Arshad, Fowzia Ibrahim, Natalie Moitt, Mohamed Fahmy Doheim, Hannah Thompson, Harmony Ubhi, Isabelle Williams, Sophia Hashim, Godfrey Sama Philipo, Laura Herrera, Aayenah Yunus, Dominique Vervoort, Samuel Parker, Yousra-Imane Benaskeur, Osaid H. Alser, Nana Adofo-Ansong, Ahmad Alhamid, Hosni khairy Salem, Mahmoud Saleh, Safa Abdal Elrais, Sadi Abukhalaf, Patricia Shinondo, Ibrahim Nour, Emrah Aydin, Agota Vaitkiene, Kelly Naranjo, Andile Maqhawe Dube, Sodumisa Ngwenya, Mina A. Yacoub, Henang Kwasau, Gabriella Hyman, Shrouk Mahmoud Elghazaly, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Intisar Hisham, Helena Franco, Hana Arbab, Lubna Samad, Aqil Soomro, Muhammad Amjad Chaudhry, Safina Karim, Muhammad Adnan Khan Khattak, Shireen Anne Nah, Doris Mae Dimatatac, Candy SC Choo, Niveshni Maistry, Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Samiul Hasan, Sabbir Karim, Hina Yousuf, Taimur Qureshi, Ibrahim Rabi Nour, Raed Nael Al-Taher, Osama Abdul Kareem Sarhan, Luis Garcia-Aparicio, Jordi Prat, Eva Blazquez-Gomez, Xavier Tarrado, Martí Iriondo, Paolo Bragagnini, Segundo Rite, Lars Hagander, Emma Svensson, Sheila Owusu, Alhassan Abdul-Mumin, Dominic Bagbio, Vijay Anand Ismavel, Ann Miriam, Shajin T, Marlene Anaya Dominguez, Monica Ivanov, Andreea Madalina Serban, Miliard Derbew, Mahmoud Elfiky, Maricarmen Olivos Perez, Marcia Abrunhosa Matias, Alexis P Arnaud, Ahmed Negida, Sebastian King, Mohamad Rafi Fazli, Nadia Hamidi, Souhem Touabti, Rossana Francisco Chipalavela, Pablo Lobos, Brendan Jones, Damir Ljuhar, Georg Singer, Samiul Hasan, Annelien Cordonnier, Lorena Jáuregui, Zlatan Zvizdic, Janice Wong, Etienne St-Louis, Qiang Shu, Yang Lui, Catalina Correa, Lucie Pos, Elvyn Alcántara, Erick Féliz, Luis Enrique Zea-Salazar, Liza Ali, Matthieu Peycelon, Nzanzu Kipata Anatole, Cherno S. Jallow, Judith Lindert, Dhruv Ghosh, Cathline Freya Adhiwidjaja, Ahmad Khaleghnejad Tabari, Saran Lotfollahzadeh, Haidar Mohammad Mussein, Fabrizio Vatta, Noemi Pasqua, David Kihiko, Hetal Gohil, Ibrahim R. Nour, Muhammed Elhadi, Suad Ahmed Almada, Gilvydas Verkauskas, Toni Risteski, Alejandro Peñarrieta Daher, Oumaima Outani, James Hamill, Taiwo Lawal, Jack Mulu, Benjamin Yapo, Lily Saldaña, Beda Espineda, Krystian Toczewski, Eugene Tuyishime, Isaac Ndayishimiye, Enaam Raboe, Philip Hammond, Gregor Walker, Ivona Djordjevic, Milind Chitnis, Joonhyuk Son, Sanghoon Lee, Muaad Hussien, Sawazen Malik, Enas Musa Ismail, Ampaipan Boonthai, Nesrine Ben Hadj Dahman, Nigel Hall, Fabiola Ruth Castedo Camacho, Helena Sobrero, Marilyn Butler, Aliev Makhmud, Nathan Novotny, Ahmad G. Hammouri, Maisara Al-Rayyes, Bruce Bvulani, Qais Muraveji, Muhammad Yousuf Murzaie, Ajmal Sherzad, Sayed Aman Haidari, Abdul Baqi Monawar, Dr. Ahmad Zia Samadi, Jesh Thiessen, Ntakarutimana Venant, Sonia Inamuco Hospital, Niyonkuru Jérémie, Jean Claude Mbonicura, Butoyi Jean Marie Vianney, Amezene Tadesse, Samuel Negash, Charles A. Roberts, John N. Jabang, Abdoulie Bah, Kajali Camamra, Armandou Correa, Babucarr Sowe, A. Gai, Musa Jaiteh, Kwizera Jean Raymond, Jean Paul Mvukiyehe, Innocent Itangishaka, Emmanuel Kayibanda, Emery Manirambona, Joseph Lule, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Ian Shyaka Gashugi, Albert Ndata, Georges Gasana, Yves Castar Nezerwa, Turatsinze Simeon, Jean De Dieu Muragijimana, Sakina Rashid, David Msuya, Joseph Elisante, Meghna Solanki, Emmanuel Manjira, Jay Lodhia, Mubashir Jusabani, Murad Tarmohamed, Sengua Koipapi, Touabti Souhem, Nabti Sara, Brahimi Sihem, Bouguermouh Dania, Iaiche Achour Toufik, Baghdadi Nour el islam Mounira, Alouani Habiba, Liliana Aragão, Victor Gonçalves, Marcelo Mauricio Lino Urquizo, Maria Florencia Varela, Pedro Mercado, Bonavia Horacio, Andrea Damiani, Carlos Mac, Daniel Putruele, Karen Liljesthrom, Marianela Bernaus, Cesar Jauri, Alejandrina Cripovich, Ezequiel Bianchin, Maria Gabriela Puig, Lorna Andreussi, Susana Iracelay, Dolores Marcos, Carina Herrera, Nelly Palacios, Romina Avile, Belen Serezo, Debora Montoya, Rodrigo Cepeda, Justo Vaquila, Sofficci Veronica, Liliana Pardo, Pelussi Valeria, Lapalma Julio, Aranda Diego Martin, Palazzi Lucio, Comba Gabriel, Depetrini Marianella, José Alfredo Calderón Arancibia, Enrique Huespe, Gabriela Natalia Losa, Elsa Arancibia Gutiérrez, Humberto Scherl, Daniel Emilio Gonzalez, Valentina Baistrocchi, Yanina Silva, Marcelo Galdeano, Pablo Medard, Ines Sueiras, Enrique Romero Manteola, Victor Hugo Defago, Carlos Mieres, Carlos Alberto, Fabio Cornelli, Marcelo Molina, Pablo Ravetta, Celeste Carolina Patiño Gonzalez, Maria Belen Dallegre, Maria Tatiana Szklarz, Marcos Federico Leyba, Nahuel Ignacio Rivarola, Maria Delia Charras, Adriana Morales, Paloma Caseb, Luzia Toselli, Carolina Millán, Maria del Carmen Junes, Oscar Di Siervi, Jose Gilardi, Soledad Simon, Carla Sofia Contreras, Nair Rojas, Lucia Beatriz Arnoletto, Otilia Eva Blain, Mauro Nicolas Bravo, Nancy Sanchez, Luciana Martina Herrera Pesara, Maria Eugenia Moreno, Carlos Ariel Sferco, Umama Huq, Tamanna Ferdousi, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Sadia Sultana, Refoyez Mahmud, Khalid Mahmud, Fatema Sayeed, Alexander Svirsky, Denisse Sempertegui, Amalia Negrete, Araceli Teran, Mariana Sadagurschi, Nusret Popovic, Kenan Karavdic, Emir Milisic, Asmir Jonuzi, Amira Mesic, Sabina Terzic, Nejra Dendusic, Elna Biber, Anesa Sehic, Nada Zvizdic, Emina Letic, Adna Saracevic, Ajla Hamidovic, Nejra Selak, Dzan Horozic, Lamija Hukic, Amila Muhic, Nedim Vanis, Emir Sokolovic, Adnan Sabic, Karin Becker, Elis Novochadlo Klüppel, André Iván Bradley dos Santos Dias, Miguel Angelo Agulham, Cristiano Bischoff, Stella Sabbatini, Rachel Fernandes de Souza, Ana Beatriz Souza Machado, Juliana Werneck Raposo, Maria Lucia da Silva Augusto, Bianca M.R. Martins, Mariana de Souza Santos Ferreira, Darli Fernandes de Oliveira, Carla Silva dos Santos, Fernanda Ribeiro de Fernández y Alcázar, Érika Alves Dutra da Silva, Mariana Furtado, Horácio Tamada, Marília Silva Ferreira dos Santos, Thayná Lopes de Almeida, Susy Oliveira de Andrade, Antonio Cipriano Gurgel do Amaral, Lais Sartori Giovanoni, Kamila de Deus Passos Leles, Eduardo Corrêa Costa, Leticia Feldens, Luciano Ferraz Schopf, José Carlos Soares de Fraga, Felipe Colombo de Holanda, Paola Maria Brolin Santis Isolan, Julia Loyola Ferreira, Carla Luisa Bruxel, Danielle Lopes Teixeira Ferdinando, Fabricio Zottis Barcelos, Natalia Baseggio, Nicole Knorr Brenner, Rafael Trindade Deyl, Carolina Dure, Iuri Nunes Kist, Rafael Bueno Mazzuca, Sarah Bueno Motter, Yna Ramos, Cristine Suzana Trein, Bianca Rezende Rosa, Murilo de Assis Silva, Flavio Augusto Menin, Isabela Cristina Semensato Carloni, Juliana Antinarelli Norberto da Silva, Adriano Luis Gomes, Mariana Girão Tauffer, Paulo César Bassan Gonçalves, Geraldo Magela Nogueira Marques, Eliane Moriya, Carla Labonia, Ana Lucia Carrasco, Karine Furtado Meyer, Luiz Farion-Aguiar, Fernando Amado, Amanda Antunes, Elisângela Silva, Leila Telles, Giovana Almeida, Aluísio Augusto Belmino Gadelha, Flavia de Azevedo Belesa, Acimar Gonçalves da Cunha, Jr, Beatriz Souza Barros, Josiane Bernartt Zanellato, Patricia Guimarães, Karina Ilheu da Silva, Bianca Ribas, Cristina Reuter, Francis Tanise Casado, Mila Torii Correa Leite, Daniela Testoni, Ruth Guinsburg, Simone de Campos Vieira Abib, Edson Khodor Cury, Suely Dornellas do Nascimento, Arthur Almeida Aguiar, Rodrigo Melo Gallindo, Carolina Gonçalves Borges, Yang Liu, Cai Duote, Jinhu Wang, Zhigang Gao, Liang Liang, Wenjuan Luo, Xiaoxia Zhao, Rui Chen, Peng Wang, Yijiang Han, Ting Huang, Hu Donglai, Guo Xiaodong, Chen Junjie, Libin Zhu, Guowei Wu, Xiaozhou Bao, Haijing Li, Junying Lv, Zhongrong Li, Feng Yong, Zhou Chong Gao, Qiang Bai, Weibing Tang, Hua Xie, Jethishka Motee, Jianming Zhu, Gang Wen, Weiwei Ruan, Shungen Li, Lulu Chen, Shungen Huang, Zhibao Lv, Jinjing Lu, Liuming Huang, Mengnan Yu, Wang Dajia, Yu Zuo Bai, Luis Carlos Rincon, Juliana Mancera, Edgar Alzate Gallego, Laura Torres-Canchala, Nathalia Silva Beltrán, Ghordana Osorio Fory, Daniela Castaño Avila, Angelica Maria Forero Ladino, Juanita Gomez, Martha Jaramillo, Otto Morales, Beatriz Sanchez, Nestor Julien Tinoco Guzmán, Sergio Castañeda Espinosa, Osbaldo Prieto Vargas, Lina Maria Pardo, Eliana Toral, Freud Cáceres Aucatoma, Daniel Hinostroza, Santiago Valencia, Vicente Salinas, Enrique Landivar Cino, Gabriela Yulissa Ponce Fajardo, Miguel Astudillo, Virginia Garcia, Guillermo Muñoz, Leonardo Verduga, Ivan Verduga, Ericka Murillo, Elena Bucaram, Marisol Guayelema, Monica Marmol, Janina Sanchez, Carolina Vergara, Adriana Mena, Junior Velaña, Karla Salazar, Sandra Lara, Elena Chiriboga, Julian Silva, Dalia Gad, Doaa Samy, Menan Ahmed Elsadek, Hanan Mahmoud Mohammed, Mohamed Abouheba, Karim Osamy Ali, Hayssam Rashwan, Omar Moustafa Fawzy, Tarek mohamed Kamel, Rawan Nemer, Mohamed Abada Hassan, Eyad Hassan Falah, Dina Sobhy Abdelhady, Mostafa Zain, Eman Abouzeid Abouzeid Ibrahim, Omar Ossama Elsiraffy, Ahmed Aboelela, Eman mohamed Farag, Ahmed Mohamed Oshiba, Omar Sameh Emam, Alaa Mobarak Attia, Moustafa A. Laymouna, Islam Abdelmonem Ghorab, Mansour Mkayed Mohammed, Nourhan Akram Soliman, Khaled Abd elrahman Ghaly, Kareem Sadek, Mohamed Elsherbiny, Amr Saleh, Hesham Sheir, Tamer Wafa, Mohamed Abd Elmenam, Sherif Abdelmaksoud, Ahmed Reda, Islam Mansour, Mohamed Elzohiri, Basma Waseem, Mohamed Elewaily, Mohammed El-Ghazaly, Ahmad Elhattab, Amr Shalaby, Adham Elsaied, Ahmad Adawy, Mirna Sadek, Mahmoud Abdelfattah Ahmed, Mohamed Omar Herdan, Gena Mohamed Hamed Elassall, Azhar Arabi Mohammed, Mohammed Hamada Takrouney, Tarek Mohamed Essa, Ahmed Mokhtar Mahmoud, Alshaimaa M. Saad, Mariam Albatoul Nageh Fouly, Mahmoud abdelshakour Ibrahim, Mohammad Nageh, Mahmoud M. Saad, Helmy Badr, Mohamed Fayez Fouda, Ahmed Hassan Nofal, Hisham Almohamady, Mohamed Ahmed Arafa, Mohamed Amad, Mohamed Awad Mansour, Jennifer O'Connor, Zachary O'Connor, Nzanzu Anatole, Elysé Nkunzimana, Solomon Machemedze, Lemfuka Dieudonné, William Appeadu-Mensah, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Priscilla Alhassan, Francis A. Abantanga, Vishal Michael, Roshine Mary Koshy, Ankit Raj, Vijay Kumar, Sundeep PT, P Santosh Prabhu, Armin Vosoughi, Ali Farooq Al-Mayoof, Muhamed Jassim Fadhle, Ali Egab Joda, Hayder Nadhim Obaid Algabri, Raed Nael Al-Taher, Sultan S. Abdelhamid, Hashem M. Al-Momani, Marzouq Amarin, Louay Y. Zaghlol, Nijmeh Nasser Alsaadi, Yasmeen Z. Qwaider, Hibah Qutishat, Ahmad Hasan Aliwisat, Esraa Arabiat, Isam Bsisu, Raghad M. Murshidi, Mohammad S. Jabaiti, Ziad A. Bataineh, Husam Aldean Abuhayyeh, Thekraiat M. Al Quran, Faris J. Abu Za'nouneh, Mohanad Mutasem Alebbini, Hamzah Abullah Qudah, Omar Ghazi Hussein, Amir M.I. Murad, Justin Z. Amarin, Haya H. Suradi, Sayel H. Alzraikat, Rand Y. Omari, Bashar M. Matour, Layana Al-Halbouni, Rajai O. Zurikat, Ahmad H. Yanis, Sara Al Hussein, Ali Shoubaki, Waleed H. Ghanem, Kuria David, Soita Wycliffe Chitiavi, Moraa Mose, Robert Mugo, James Ndungu, Timothy Mwai, Swaleh Shahbal, Janan Malik, Nirav Chauhan, Francisa Syovata, Kevin Ochieng, Polycarp Omendo Liyenzero, Syeda Ra'ana Hussain, Stanley Mugambi, Roseline Ochieng, Ebtesam Othman Abdulsalam Elkhazmi, Ala Khaled, Aya Albozidi, Manal Ben Enbaya, Mala Elgammudi, Enas Soula, Wegden ibrahim almabrouk Khalel, Yasmine Ali Elhajjaji, Nouriyah Ali Alwaggaa, Sumayyah Ghayth, Dafer abdulhakim .S. Zreeg, Sara Abobaker Tantush, Fatma Bibas, Tesneem Layas, Randa Alamen M Sharif, Wesal Omar F. Saied Aljadidi, Ahmed Tarek, Hazem Ahmed, Kamila Almabrouk Mohammed Essamilghi, Mabroka Alfoghi, Ma'aly A. Abuhlega, Saddam Arrmali, Fatima Mousa Abduljawad, Hasan Mustafa Alosta, Abdulsalam Abuajaila, Fakereldeen Abdelmutalib, Fatma Bashir, Inas Almengar, Mohammad hasan Annajjar, Abdelaziz Deyab, Fathi Elzowawi, Yousef Krayem, Weam Drah, Asma Meftah, Abobaker Mohammed, Lina Ali Arrmalli, Hajir Aljaboo, Abdallah Elayeb, Mohamed Altomi, Ahmed Altaweel, Mohamed Tumi, Hana Milad Bazozi, Aisha Shaklawoon, Mohammed Meftah Alglaib, Abdullahn Abdousalam Elkaloush, Sara Trainba, Hisham Swessi, Ali Alnaeri, Aya Essam Shnishah, Hamassat Mustufa, Sondas Ali Gargum, Sara Ali Tarniba, Hawa Ahmed Shalluf, Hajer Ali Shokri, Taher L. Sarkaz, Osama Tababa, Ahmed Elhadi, Vesna Cvetanovska Naunova, Laze Jovcheski, Marjan Kamilovski, Aleksandra Gavrilovska-Brzanov, Zarina Abdul Latiff, Siti Farhan Moh Pauzi, Marjmin Osman, Felicia Lim, Ainal Huda Abu Bakar, Azrina SK Zaman, Shareena Ishak, Rufinah Teo, Dr. Tammy Teoh Han Qi, Mohd Yusran Bin Othman, Dato' Dr Zakaria bin Zahari, Zulfitri bin Md Hassan, Cheah Hui Shan, Abhirrami Lechmiannandan, Hafatin Fairos bt Tamaddun, Mohd Fitri Shukri bin Mohamed Adanan, Mohd Yusof bin Abdullah, Wang Junyi, Mohd. Tarmizi Mohd Nor, Wan Ruzaimie Noor, Mohd Razin bin Hassan, Noor Fa'izatul Rahil Ambok Dalek, Hidayah Hayati binti Hashim, Ahmad Zulhisyam bin Zarwawi, V Muthualhagi M Vellusamy, Quah Soong Yuen, Hemasutha a/p Kannessan, Najua binti Ramli, Ahmad Shafiee bin Bujarimin, Jessmine Anntinea, Anthony Dass, Hazlina Mohd. Khalid, Nur Atiqah binti Mohd Hanifah, Keily Wong Yue Jyun, Rahilah binti Abd Razak, Nur Atifah binti Mohd Naim, Siti Nur Aien binti Hamid Hamzah, Cristian R. Zalles Vidal, Eduardo Bracho Blanchet, Roberto Dávila Perez, Emilio Fernandez Portilla, Raúl Villegas Silva, Daniel Ibarra, Antonio Calderon Moore, Cesar Carrasco-Ortega, Monica Noguez Castillo, Dorihela Herappe Mellado, Guillermo Yanowsky Reyes, Luis Fernando Gonzalez Cortez, Rafael Santana Ortiz, Jamie Orozco Perez, Jorge Román Corona C.Rivera, Juan Jose Cardenas Ruiz Velasco, Moises Quiles Corona, Christian Peña Padilla, Lucina Bobadilla Morales, Alfredo Corona Rivera, Izabel Maryalexandra Rios Flores, Cristian Irela Aranda Sánchez, Gabriela Ambriz-González, Nestor Martínez Hernández Magro, Francisco Javier León Frutos, José de Jesús Cárdenas Barón, Alejandro González Ojeda, Jessica Yarza Fernández, Juan Domingo Porras, Pastor Aguirre-Lopez, Vicente Sánchez Paredes, Arturo Montalvo Marin, Jose Manuel Diaz Gomez, Lorenzo Juvencio Caamal, David Bulnes Mendizabal, Pablo Sanchez Valladares, Humberto Garcia Martinez, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Moses Olanrewaju, Rilwan Adegboyega, Nurudeen Abdulraheem, Anuoluwapo Aremo, Florence Dedeke, Anyanwu Lofty-John Chukwuemeka, Mohammad Aminu Mohammad, Abdullahi Lawalbarau, Nwokoro Collins, Ogundele Ibukunolu, Amo Shonubi, Oluwaseun Ladipo-Ajayi, Olumide Abiodun Elebute, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Felix Alakaloko, George Ihediwa, Kayode Olayade, Christopher Bode, Olakayode Ogundoyin, Dare I. Olulana, Ifeanyichukwu Kelvin Egbuchulem, Felix O. Kumolalo, Ikechukwu Ulasi, Uchechukwu Obiora Ezomike, Sebastian Okwuchukwu Ekenze, Elochukwu Perpetua Nwankwo, Emmanuel Ifeanyi Nwangwu, Isaac Chukwu, Christopher Chim Amah, Nene Elsie Obianyo, Omolara Williams, Roland Iheanyichukwu Osuoji, Omolara Moronkeji Faboya, Olalekan Temitope Ajai, Moruf Adekunle Abdulsalam, Titiloye Hannah Agboola, Bolarinwa Bolanle Temilade, Maryrose Osazuwa, Morayo Monsurat Salawu, Eze Chukwuemeka Ejinkeonye, Mariya Mukhtar Yola, Amsa B. Mairami, Adekunle T. Otuneye, Matthias Igoche, Adebayo Gbenga Tanimola, Emmanuel Akinlabi Ajao, Efeturi Agelebe, Samson Olori, Philip Mari Mshelbwala, Olabisi Osagie, Adewale Oyinloye, Auwal M Abubakar, Lateef Oyebanji, Ibrahim Shehu, Cyril Cletus, Ahmed Bamanga, Faruk Suleiman, Sani Adamu, David C.Nwosu, Yahya S.Alkali, Iliya Jalo, Aliu Rasaki, Yusuf T.Sambo, Kalakwa A.Mohammed, Abubakar M.Ballah, Victor Modekwe, Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife, Ugochukwu S Ezidiegwu, Andrew N Osuigwe, Jideofor O Ugwu, Chuka A Ugwunne, Nadeem Akhter, Mudassir Fayaz Gondal, Rafee Raza, Ali Raza Chaudary, Hassan Ali, Muhammad Umar Nisar, Muhammad Umer Jamal, Ghuri Shankar Pandit, Uzma Mumtaz, Muhammad Bin Amjad, Nabila Talat, Wajeeh ur Rehman, Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Bilal Mirza, Imran Hashim, Naveed Haider, Soban Hameed, Ayesha Saleem, Sohail Dogar, Muhammad Sharif, Muhammad Kashif Bashir, Fatima Naumeri, Zarqa Rani, Muath A.M. Baniowda, Basheer Ba'baa', Majd Yousef Mohammed Hassan, Ammar Darwish, Abrar Shaheen Sehwiel, Mohammed Shehada, Abrar ghassan Balousha, Yara Ajrami, Ainaa Ata Mohammad Alzamari, Bashar Yaghi, Hasan Subhi Hasan Abu Al-saleem, Mervat Sufian Abu Farha, Mohammad Omar Mohammad Abdelhafez, Firas Anaya, Asef belal Qadomi, Abd Al-Naser Bany Odi, Muath Abdelrahem Fuad Assi, Fadwa Sharabati, Ahmad Abueideh, Doha mustafa saleh Beshtawi, Hasan Arafat, Lara Zahi Adel Khatatba, Safa' Jamal Abatli, Hiba Al-Tammam, Dania Jaber, Yara Imad Omar Kayed, Ali Abdelhay Abumunshar, Rami Anwar Misk, Asmahan Mohammad Suliman Alzeer, Mutassem Sharabati, Ihsan Ghazzawi, Osama Majed Darras, Mahmoud M.Qabaja, Ma'alem sameer Hajajreh, Yasmeen Ahmad Samarah, Dua Hasan Yaghi, Moradallah Asad Fahmi Qunaibi, Abdelrazzaq Abu Mayaleh, Sharehan Joubeh, Annan Ebeido, Samer Adawi, Ihda Adawi, Mohammad Omar Ibrahim Alqor, Ahmad Samih Arar, Hadeel Awad, Fawzi Abu-Nejmah, Osaid Shaher Shabana, Firas Alqarajeh, Tareq Z. Alzughayyar, Jomana Madieh, Mahmoud Fuad Sbaih, Raghad mohammad abdu Alkareem, Raghad abdullateef Lahlooh, Yasmeen Adly Halabi, Wisam Baker, Tasneem Fathi Hasan Almusleh, Abdulraheem Adnan Abdulraheem Tahyneh, Yazid yousef mahmoud Atatri, Najlaa Abu Jamie, Nasrallah Ashraf Al Massry, Walaa Lubbad, Ayoub A.Nemer, Mohammed Alser, Aya Azmi Shehda Salha, Khaled Alnahhal, Aya Mahmoud Elmzyyen, Amir Talat Sheda Ghabayen, Abdulwhhab Ayman Abu Alamrain, Samar H. Al-Shwaikh, Omar Adly Elshaer, Nureddin Shaheen, Jehad Fares, Hisham Dalloul, Anas Qawwash, Mustafa abu Jayyab, Dina Ayman Ashour, Ahmad Ashraf Shaheen, Samy Rafat Ramadan Naim, Eman Abu Shiha, Nagham Mohammed Al Dammagh, Walaa Almadhoun, Ashraf Ayman Al-Salhi, Abdalkarim Yhya Hammato, Jamal Mohammed Salim, Doaa Khalil Hasanain, Soha Marwan Salem Alwadia, Ismail Nassar, Hala M. Al-Attar, Haya Abdulnasser Ali Alshaikhkhalil, Yasmin Mohammed Khalil Abu Jamie, Yara shareef Ashour, Sharif S. Alijla, Mohamed Anwer El Tallaa, Adham Ashraf Abuattaya, Bisan D.M. Wishah, MOHAMMED A.M. ALDIRAWI, Ahmed S Darwish, Sulaiman T. Alzerei, Nidal Wishah, Sharif Alijla, Isidora Garcia, Marlene Diaz Echegaray, Veronica Raquel Cañapataña Sahuanay, Fernando Trigoso Mori, Jackelyne Alvarado Zelada, Juan Jose Salinas Barreto, Porfirio Rivera Altamirano, Cesar Torres Miranda, Rocio Anicama Elias, Julio Rivera Alvarez, Juan Pedro Vasquez Matos, Fernando Ayque Rosas, Jesmarina Ledesma Peraza, Andrea Gutarra Palomino, Stephany Vega Centen, Victor Casquero, María Rosa Ortiz Argomedo, Francisco Lapouble, Genaro Llap Unchón, Florangel Patricia Delgado Malaga, Luis Ortega Sotelo, Segundo Gamboa Kcomt, Araceli Villalba Villalba, Nancy Rossana Mendoza Leon, Loreley Raquel Cardenas Alva, Maria Susana Loo Neyra, Cathy Lee Alanguia Chipana, Cintya Maria de Jesus Torres Picón, Natalia Huaytalla Quiroz, Danny Dominguez, Carlos Segura Calle, Jenny Arauco, Luis Ormeño Calderón, Ximena Ghilardi Silva, Miriam Daniela Fernandez Wilson, Joan Elizabeth Gutierrez Maldonado, Cesar Diaz Leon, Waldo Berrocal Anaya, Patricia Chavez Galvez, Prince Pamela Aguilar Gargurevich, Flor de Maria Diaz Castañeda, Carmen Guisse, Erika Ramos Paredes, Jose Luis Apaza Leon, Faye Aguilar Aguilar, Raul Ramirez De La Cruz, Lenny Flores Carbajal, Carlos Mendoza Chiroque, Gladys Johana Sulca Cruzado, Natalia Tovar Gutierrez, Jennifer Sotelo Sanchez, Carolina Paz Soldan, Karina Hernández Córdova, Edgar Fernando Delgado Quinteros, Luz Mery Brito Quevedo, Juan Jose Mendoza Oviedo, Angel Samanez Obeso, Patricia Paredes Espinoza, Johann de Guzman, Raisa Yu, Vlad Cosoreanu, Sebastian Ionescu, Aurel Mironescu, Lucian Vida, Adrian Papa, Roxana Verdeata, Bogdan Gavrila, Liviu Muntean, Marija Lukac, Miona Stojanovic, Djordje Toplicic, Milan Slavkovic, Andjelka Slavkovi, Dragoljub Zivanovic, Ana Kostic, Maja Raicevic, Delphine Nkuliza, Daniel Sidler, Corné de Vos, Elmarie vd Merwe, David Tasker, Omar Khamag, Cecilia Rengura, Thozama Siyotula, Uzair Jooma, Dirk von Delft, Marion Arnold, Hansraj Mangray, Shamaman Harilal, Sanele Madziba, Naveen Wijekoon, Tharanga Gamage, Benedict Paul Bright, Alaa Abdulrahman, Ola Ahmed Abdulmjeed Mohammed, Mohammed Salah, Ahmad Elian Abu Ajwa, Mohammed Morjan, Mohammad Mohannad Batal, Vivian Faks, Mohamad Bassel Mouti, Ahmadfateh Assi, Ahmad Al-Mouakeh, Ahmad Sankari Tarabishi, Ziad Aljarad, Aos Alhamid, Jiraporn Khorana, Wannisa Poocharoen, Sirima Liukitithara, Anan Sriniworn, Wasun Nuntasunti, Monawat Ngerncham, Ratiyaporn Phannua, Kanokrat Thaiwatcharamas, Patchareeporn Tanming, Lassaad Sahnoun, Nahla Kchiche, Roua Abdelmoumen, Egemen Eroğlu, Mehmet Ali Ozen, Hatice Sonay Yalçın Cömert, Mustafa İmamoğlu, Haluk Sarıhan, Şebnem Kader, Mehmet Mutlu, Yakup Aslan, Ahmet Beşir, Şükran Geze, Bahanur Çekiç, Ali Yalcinkaya, Kaan Sönmez, Ramazan Karabulut, Zafer Türkyılmaz, Kıvanç Şeref, Merve Altın, Merve Aykut, M.Eren Akan, Melisa Erdem, Ebru Ergenekon, Canan Türkyılmaz, Elif Keleş, Ali Canözer, Aslı Öztürk Yeniay, Elif Eren, İlknur Banlı Cesur, Zerrin Özçelik, Gökmen Kurt, Mustafa Kurthan Mert, Hatice Kaya, Müge Çelik, Suleyman Cuneyt Karakus, Nazile Erturk, Alev Suzen, Nilay Hakan, Fatih Akova, Mehmet Pasaoglu, Shukurali Eshkabilov, Rustam Z. Yuldashev, Dekhkonboev Avazjon Abdunomonovich, Aliev Makhmudjan Muslimovich, Azad Patel, Chisengo Kapihya, Nicholas Ensar, Ramesh M Nataraja, Mithila Sivasubramaniam, Matthew Jones, Warwick Teague, Sharman Tan Tanny, Gordon Thomas, Kiera Roberts, Soundappan Sannappa Venkatraman, Holger Till, Manon Pigeolet, Martine Dassonville, Anas Shikha, Win Sabai Phyu Win, Zahidah Adlynee Haji Ahmad, Léamarie Meloche-Dumas, Louise Caouette-Laberge, Dickens St-Vil, Ann Aspirot, Nelson Piché, Shahrzad Joharifard, Nadia Safa, Jean-Martin Laberge, Sherif Emil, Pramod Puligandla, Kenneth Shaw, Hussein Wissanji, Eileen Duggan, Elena Guadagno, Maria Consuelo Puentes, Paola Osses Leal, Carolina Mendez Benavente, Michal Rygl, Barbora Trojanová, Klára Berková, Tereza Racková, Ladislav Planka, Jan Škvařil, Radek Štichhauer, Shahad Sabti, Alex Macdonald, Nordeen Bouhadiba, Dorothy Kufeji, Caroline Pardy, Simon Mccluney, Alireza Keshtgar, Rebecca Roberts, Hannah Rhodes, Kate Burns, Robin Garrett-Cox, Kat Ford, Hannah Cornwall, Krithi Ravi, Felicity Arthur, Paul Losty, Tony Lander, Ingo Jester, Suren Arul, Oliver Gee, Giampiero Soccorso, Michael Singh, Max Pachl, Benjamin Martin, Afnan Alzubair, Arun Kelay, Jonathan Sutcliffe, Thomas Middleton, Amy Hughes Thomas, Merina Kurian, Fraser Cameron, Jayaram Sivaraj, Mark C Thomas, Dean Rex, Ceri Jones, Kate Bradshaw, Arnaud Bonnard, Xavier Delforge, Camille Duchesne, Caroline Le Gall, Coralie Defert, Samia Laraqui Hossini, Florent Guerin, Géraldine Hery, Virginie Fouquet-Languillat, Jules Kohaut, Aline Broch, Thomas Blanc, Luke Harper, Thomas Delefortrie, Quentin Ballouhey, Laurent Fourcade, Céline Grosos, Benoit Parmentier, Guillaume Levard, Maria Giovanna Grella, Mariette Renaux Petel, Lucie Grynberg, Olivier Abbo, Sofia Mouttalib, Mélodie Juricic, Aurelien Scalabre, Elodie Haraux, Anke Rissmann, Hardy Krause, Peter Goebel, Ludwig Patzer, Udo Rolle, Andrea Schmedding, Alexandra Antunez-Mora, Bernd Tillig, Sylvester von Bismarck, Patricia Reis Barbosa, Christian Knorr, Domitille Stark, Marco Brunero, Luigi Avolio, Francesco Manni, Matilde Molinelli, Marinella Guazzotti, Alessandro Raffaele, Piero Giovanni Romano, Silvia Cavaiuolo, Gian Battista Parigi, Laszlo Juhasz, Anna Rieth, Arunas Strumila, Rūta Dagilytė, Arunas Liubsys, Pranas Gurskas, Dalius Malcius, Agne Mikneviciute, Asta Vinskaite, Vidmantas Barauskas, Liam Vierboom, Timothy Hall, Spencer Beasley, Lucy Goddard, Mark Stringer, Naveen Weeratunga, Stephen Adams, Jitoko Cama, Marilyn Wong, Sridharan Jayaratnam, Askar Kukkady, Udaya Samarakkody, Sylwester Gerus, Dariusz Patkowski, Agnieszka Wolny, Tomasz Koszutski, Szymon Tobor, Marta Osowicka, Piotr Czauderna, Dariusz Wyrzykowski, Hanna Garnier, Stefan Anzelewicz, Osowicka Marta, Agata Knurowska, Alicja Weiszewsk, Andrzej Grabowski, Wojciech Korlacki, Michal Pasierbek, Przemyslaw Wolak, Aneta Piotrowska, Anna Roszkiewicz, Piotr Kalicińsk, Agata Trypens, Grzegorz Kowalewsk, David Sigalet, Amer Alsaied, Mansour Ali, Ameen Alsaggaf, Alaa Ghallab, Yazeed Owiwi, Ali Zeinelabdeen, Mohamed Fayez, Ahmed Atta, Mazen Zidan, Asaad saleh Radwan, Hanin Shalaby, Reem Abdelbaqi, Khalid Alattas, Yar Kano, Omar Sindi, Abdullah Alshehri, Tariq Altokhais, Fahad Alturki, Mohammad Almosaibli, Dasha Krisanova, Wisam Abbas, Hee-Beom Yang, Hyun-Young Kim, Joong Kee Youn, Jae Hee Chung, Seok Hyeon Cho, In ji Hwang, Ju yeon Lee, Eung song Song, Jenny Arboleda, Mercedes Ruiz de Temiño Bravo, Alexander Siles Hinojosa, Miriam García, Isabel Casal Beloy, Detlef Oliu San Miguel, Maria Elena Molina Vazquez, Verónica Alonso, Alberto Sanchez, Oscar Gomez, Isabel Carrillo, Tomas Wester, Carmen Mesas Burgos, Lars Hagander, Martin Salö, Erik Omling, Niclas Rudolfson, Christina Granéli, Helena Arnadóttir, Emma Grottling, Kate Abrahamsson, Vladimir Gatzinsky, Michaela Dellenmark Blom, Daniel Borbonet, Paul Puglia, Vinicio Jimenez Morejon, Gaston Acuna, Mario Moraes, Jonathan Chan, Pavan Brahmamdam, Alan Tom, Karen Sherer, Brandy Gonzales, Aaron Cunningham, Sanjay Krishnaswami, Reto Baertschiger, Mary Leech, Regan Williams, Lauren Camp, Ankush Gosain, Maria Mora, Bailey D. Lyttle, Jeremy Chang, Lydia McColl Makepeace, Kathryn L Fowler, Sara Mansfield, Erica Hodgman, Chukwubinyelum Amaechi, Alana Beres, Mark N. Pernik, Luke J. Dosselman, Murad Almasri, Sunil Jain, Varun Modi, Marianelly Fernandez Ferrer, John Coon, Joann Gonzalez, Medhavi Honhar, Nensi Ruzgar, Griffin Coghill, Sarah Ullrich, Maija Cheung, Katrine Løfberg, Jodie Greenberg, Kate Davenport, Samir Gadepalli, Sarah Fox, Stephanie Johnson, Mercedes Pilkington, April Hamilton, Nicole Lin, Juan Sola, Yang Yao, Jenna Kylene Davis, Monica Langer, Jonathan Vacek, Fizan Abdullah, Julie Khlevner, William Middlesworth, Marc Levitt, Hira Ahmad, Sabina M Siddiqui, Alex Bowder, Terry Derks, Afua Amoabin Amoabin, Brooke Pinar, Frank Owusu-Sekyere, Benmanseur Saousen, Rasika Naidoo, Azra Karamustafic, Danielle Paula de Oliveira, Sarah Bueno Motter, Jerhy Andrade, Antonín Šafus, Jason Langley, Alexandra Wilke, Corazone Deya, Habib Mansour Murtadi, Mindaugas Berzanskis, Nwachukwu Calistus, Olalekan S. Ajiboye, Michael Felix, Osagie O Olabisi, Seçil Erçin, Teymursha Muradi, Stephen S. Burks, Sergio Lerma, Jillian Jacobson, Calin Calancea, Rafael Valerio-Vazquez, Guigui Sikwete, Owusu Sekyere, Akhona Mbonisweni, Shahnoor Syed, Cho Seok Hyeon, Fatemeh Pajouhandeh, Sheba Mary Pognaa Kunfah
Lancet, 2021
Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030. Funding Wellcome Trust.
Evaluation of intussusception after oral monovalent rotavirus vaccination in South Africa
Michelle J Groome, Jacqueline E Tate, Marion Arnold, Milind Chitnis, Sharon Cox, Corné de Vos, Mari Kirsten, Susanna M le Grange, Jerome Loveland, Sello Machaea, Ashwini Maharaj, Nick Andrews, Shabir A Madhi, Umesh D Parashar
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020
Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery: A Model of Global Collaboration to Advance the Surgical Care of Children
, Naomi Wright, Guy Jensen, Etienne St‐Louis, David Grabski, Yasmine Yousef, Neema Kaseje, Laura Goodman, Jamie Anderson, Emmanuel Ameh, Tahmina Banu, Stephen Bickler, Marilyn Butler, Michael Cooper, Zipporah Gathuya, Patrick Kamalo, Bertille Ki, Rashmi Kumar, Vrisha Madhuri, Keith Oldham, Doruk Ozgediz, Dan Poenaru, John Sekabira, Lily Saldaña Gallo, Sabina Siddiqui, Benjamin Yapo, Francis A. Abantanga, Mohamed Abdelmalak, Nurudeen Abdulraheem, Niyi Ade‐Ajayi, Edna Adan Ismail, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Eltayeb Ahmed, Sunday Ajike, Olugbemi Benedict Akintububo, Felix Alakaloko, Brendan Allen, Vanda Amado, Shanthi Anbuselvan, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Leopold Asakpa, Gudeta Assegie, Jason Axt, Ruben Ayala, Frehun Ayele, Harshjeet Singh Bal, Rouma Bankole, Tim Beacon, Zaitun Bokhari, Hiranya Kumar Borah, Eric Borgstein, Nick Boyd, Jason Brill, Britta Budde‐Schwartzman, Fred Bulamba, Bruce Bvulani, Sarah Cairo, Juan Francisco Campos Rodezno, Massimo Caputo, Milind Chitnis, Maija Cheung, Bruno Cigliano, Damian Clarke, Tessa Concepcion, Scott Corlew, David Cunningham, Sergio D’Agostino, Shukri Dahir, Bailey Deal, Miliard Derbew, Sushil Dhungel, David Drake, Elizabeth Drum, Bassey Edem, Stella Eguma, Olumide Elebute, Beda R. Espineda, Samuel Espinoza, Faye Evans, Omolara Faboya, Jacques Fadhili Bake, Tatiana Fazecas, Mohammad Rafi Fazli, Graham Fieggen, Anthony Figaji, Jean Louis Fils, Tamara Fitzgerald, Randall Flick, Gacelle Fossi, George Galiwango, Mike Ganey, Maryam Ghavami Adel, Vafa Ghorban Sabagh, Sridhar Gibikote, Hetal Gohil, Sarah Greenberg, Russell Gruen, Lars Hagander, Rahimullah Hamid, Erik Hansen, William Harkness, Mauricio Herrera, Intisar Hisham, Andrew Hodges, Sarah Hodges, Ai Xuan Holterman, Andrew Howard, Romeo Ignacio, Dawn Ireland, Enas Ismail, Rebecca Jacob, Anette Jacobsen, Zahra Jaffry, Deeptiman James, Ebor Jacob James, Adiyasuren Jamiyanjav, Kathy Jenkins, Maria Jimenez, Tarun John K Jacob, Walter Johnson, Anita Joselyn, Nasser Kakembo, Phyllis Kisa, Peter Kim, Krishna Kumar, Charlotte Kvasnovsky, Ananda Lamahewage, Monica Langer, Christopher Lavy, Taiwo Lawal, Colin Lazarus, Andrew Leather, Chelsea Lee, Basil Leodoro, Allison Linden, Katrine Lofberg, Jonathan Lord, Jerome Loveland, Leecarlo Millano Lumban Gaol, Pavrette Magdala, Luc Kalisya Malemo, Aeesha Malik, John Mathai, Marcia Matias, Bothwell Mbuwayesango, Merrill McHoney, Liz McLeod, Ashish Minocha, Charles Mock, Mubarak Mohamed, Ivan Molina, Ashika Morar, Zahid Mukhtar, Mulewa Mulenga, Bhargava Mullapudi, Jack Mulu, Byambajav Munkhjargal, Arlene Muzira, Mary Nabukenya, Mark Newton, Jessica Ng, Karissa Nguyen, Laurence Isaaya Ntawunga, Peter M. Nthumba, Alp Numanoglu, Benedict Nwomeh, Kristin Ojomo, Maryrose Osazuwa, Emmanuel Owusu Abem, Shazia Peer, Norgrove Penny, Robin Petroze, Vithya Priya, Ekta Rai, Lola Raji, Vinitha Paul Ravindran, Desigen Reddy, Henry Rice, Yona Ringo, Amezene Robelie, Jose Roberto Baratella, David Rothstein, Coleen Sabatini, Soumitra Saha, Saurabh Saluja, Lubna Samad, Justina Seyi‐Olajide, Bello B. Shehu, Ritesh Shrestha, David Sigalet, Martin Situma, Emily Smith, Adrienne Socci, David Spiegel, Peter Ssenyonga, Jacob Stephenson, Erin Stieber, Richard Stewart, Vinayak Shukla, Thomas Sims, Faustin Felicien Mouafo Tambo, Robert Tamburro, Mansi Tara, Ahmad Tariq, Reju Thomas, Leopold Torres Contreras, Stephen Ttendo, Benno Ure, Luca Vricella, Luis Vasquez, Vijayakumar Raju, Jorge Villacis, Gustavo Villanova, Catherine deVries, Amira Waheeb, Saber Waheeb, Albert Wandaogo, Anne Wesonga, Omolara Williams, Sigal Willner, Nyo Nyo Win, Hussein Wissanji, Paul Mwindekuma Wondoh, Garreth Wood, George Youngson, Denléwendé Sylvain Zabsonre, Luis Enrique Zea Salazar, Adiyasuren Zevee, Bistra Zheleva, Kokila Lakhoo, Diana Farmer
World Journal of Surgery, 2019
Optimal Resources for Children’s Surgical Care: Executive Summary
, David Grabski, Emmanuel Ameh, Doruk Ozgediz, Keith Oldham, Francis A. Abantanga, Mohamed Abdelmalak, Nurudeen Abdulraheem, Niyi Ade‐Ajayi, Edna Adan Ismail, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Eltayeb Ahmed, Sunday Ajike, Olugbemi Benedict Akintububo, Felix Alakaloko, Brendan Allen, Vanda Amado, Shanthi Anbuselvan, Jamie Anderson, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Leopold Asakpa, Gudeta Assegie, Jason Axt, Ruben Ayala, Frehun Ayele, Harshjeet Singh Bal, Rouma Bankole, Tahmina Banu, Tim Beacon, Zaitun Bokhari, Hiranya Kumar Borah, Eric Borgstein, Nick Boyd, Jason Brill, Britta Budde‐Schwartzman, Fred Bulamba, Marilyn Butler, Bruce Bvulani, Sarah Cairo, Juan Francisco Campos Rodezno, Massimo Caputo, Milind Chitnis, Maija Cheung, Bruno Cigliano, Damian Clarke, Michael Cooper, Tessa Concepcion, Scott Corlew, David Cunningham, Sergio D’Agostino, Shukri Dahir, Bailey Deal, Miliard Derbew, Sushil Dhungel, David Drake, Elizabeth Drum, Bassey Edem, Stella Eguma, Olumide Elebute, Beda R. Espineda, Samuel Espinoza, Faye Evans, Omolara Faboya, Jacques Fadhili Bake, Tatiana Fazecas, Mohammad Rafi Fazli, Graham Fieggen, Anthony Figaji, Jean Louis Fils, Tamara Fitzgerald, Randall Flick, Gacelle Fossi, George Galiwango, Lily Saldaña Gallo, Mike Ganey, Zipporah Gathuya, Maryam Ghavami Adel, Vafa Ghorban Sabagh, Sridhar Gibikote, Hetal Gohil, Laura Goodman, Sarah Greenberg, Russell Gruen, Lars Hagander, Rahimullah Hamid, Erik Hansen, William Harkness, Mauricio Herrera, Intisar Hisham, Andrew Hodges, Sarah Hodges, Ai Xuan Holterman, Andrew Howard, Romeo Ignacio, Dawn Ireland, Enas Ismail, Rebecca Jacob, Anette Jacobsen, Zahra Jaffry, Deeptiman James, Ebor Jacob James, Adiyasuren Jamiyanjav, Kathy Jenkins, Guy Jensen, Maria Jimenez, Tarun John K. Jacob, Walter Johnson, Anita Joselyn, Nasser Kakembo, Patrick Kamalo, Neema Kaseje, Bertille Ki, Phyllis Kisa, Peter Kim, Krishna Kumar, Rashmi Kumar, Charlotte Kvasnovsky, Ananda Lamahewage, Monica Langer, Christopher Lavy, Taiwo Lawal, Colin Lazarus, Andrew Leather, Chelsea Lee, Basil Leodoro, Allison Linden, Katrine Lofberg, Jonathan Lord, Jerome Loveland, Leecarlo Millano Lumban Gaol, Vrisha Madhuri, Pavrette Magdala, Luc Kalisya Malemo, Aeesha Malik, John Mathai, Marcia Matias, Bothwell Mbuwayesango, Merrill McHoney, Liz McLeod, Ashish Minocha, Charles Mock, Mubarak Mohamed, Ivan Molina, Ashika Morar, Zahid Mukhtar, Mulewa Mulenga, Bhargava Mullapudi, Jack Mulu, Byambajav Munkhjargal, Arlene Muzira, Mary Nabukenya, Mark Newton, Jessica Ng, Karissa Nguyen, Laurence Isaaya Ntawunga, Peter M. Nthumba, Alp Numanoglu, Benedict Nwomeh, Kristin Ojomo, Maryrose Osazuwa, Emmanuel Owusu Abem, Shazia Peer, Norgrove Penny, Dan Poenaru, Robin Petroze, Vithya Priya, Ekta Rai, Lola Raji, Vinitha Paul Ravindran, Desigen Reddy, Henry Rice, Yona Ringo, Amezene Robelie, Jose Roberto Baratella, David Rothstein, Coleen Sabatini, Soumitra Saha, Saurabh Saluja, Lubna Samad, John Sekabira, Justina Seyi‐Olajide, Bello B. Shehu, Sabina Siddiqui, Ritesh Shrestha, David Sigalet, Martin Situma, Emily Smith, Adrienne Socci, David Spiegel, Peter Ssenyonga, Jacob Stephenson, Richard Stewart, Erin Stieber, Etienne St‐Louis, Vinayak Shukla, Thomas Sims, Faustin Felicien Mouafo Tambo, Robert Tamburro, Mansi Tara, Ahmad Tariq, Reju Thomas, Leopold Torres Contreras, Stephen Ttendo, Benno Ure, Luca Vricella, Luis Vasquez, Vijayakumar Raju, Jorge Villacis, Gustavo Villanova, Catherine deVries, Amira Waheeb, Saber Waheeb, Albert Wandaogo, Anne Wesonga, Omolara Williams, Sigal Willner, Nyo Nyo Win, Hussein Wissanji, Paul Mwindekuma Wondoh, Garreth Wood, Naomi Wright, Benjamin Yapo, George Youngson, Yasmine Yousef, Denléwendé Sylvain Zabsonre, Luis Enrique Zea Salazar, Adiyasuren Zevee, Bistra Zheleva, Kokila Lakhoo, Diana Farmer, Stephen Bickler
World Journal of Surgery, 2019
Laparoscopically inserted button colostomy as a venting stoma and access port for the administration of antegrade enemas in African degenerative leiomyopathy
South African Journal of Surgery, 2011
Retrospective surveillance of intussusception in South Africa, 1998-2003
S. W. Moore, M. Kirsten, E. W. Müller, A. Numanoglu, M. Chitnis, E. Le Grange, B. Banieghbal, G. P. Hadley
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2010
The spectrum of anorectal malformations in Africa
S. W. Moore, A. Alexander, D. Sidler, J. Alves, G. P. Hadley, A. Numanoglu, B. Banieghbal, M. Chitnis, D. Birabwa-Male, B. Mbuwayesango, A. Hesse, K. Lakhoo
Pediatric Surgery International, 2008
Hepatocellular carcinoma and liver tumors in South African children: A case for increased prevalence
Samuel W. Moore, Alistair J. W. Millar, G. P. (Larry) Hadley, Gabriel Ionescu, Mariana Kruger, Janet Poole, David Stones, Linda Wainwright, Milind Chitnis, Glynn Wessels
Cancer, 2004
Preoperative angioembolisation for life-threatening haemorrhage from Wilms' tumour: A case report
M. Chitnis, S.K. Chowdhary, C. Lazarus
Pediatric Surgery International, 2004
Differentiation of a benign myxolipoma from a myxoid liposarcoma by tumour karyotyping - A diagnosis missed
Milind Chitnis, T.F.J. Steyn, Phillip Koeppen, V Breckon, C. R. Lazarus
Pediatric Surgery International, 2002
Application of the Malone antegrade continence enema principle in degenerative leiomyopathy
M. Chitnis, S. Chowdhary, C. Lazarus
Pediatric Surgery International, 2001
Pediatric Parenteral Nutrition: South African Model and its Relevance to the Developing Countries
Indian Pediatrics, 2000
Hypothyroldism in a neonate following excision of a cervical teratoma
S. K. Chowdhary, M. Chitnis, J. Perold, C. Lazarus
Pediatric Surgery International, 1998

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

SECRET-IBD: multi-centre retrospective cohort study on oncological outcome of Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients who have undergone segmental colectomy for cancer and …
A Shamsiddinova, W Ramadan, M Chitnis, O Argyriou, S Davey, EA Patel, ...
European Journal of Surgical Oncology 50 , 2024
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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 10 (9), ofad458 , 2023
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Annals of Pediatric Surgery 18 (1), 15 , 2022
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Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective …
NJ Wright, AJM Leather, N Ade-Ajayi, N Sevdalis, J Davies, D Poenaru, ...
The Lancet 398 (10297), 325-339 , 2021
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Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-, middle-and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
N Hall, N Wright
The Lancet , 2021
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Global initiative for children’s surgery: a model of global collaboration to advance the surgical care of children
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World Journal of Surgery 43 (4), 978-980 , 2019
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The global initiative for children's surgery: optimal resources for improving care
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European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 28 (01), 051-059 , 2018
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M Chitnis, D von Delft, R Spence, C Lazarus
Bangladesh Journal of Endosurgery 1 (1), 4-8 , 2013
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Citations: 2
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MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective …
NJ Wright, AJM Leather, N Ade-Ajayi, N Sevdalis, J Davies, D Poenaru, ...
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SW Moore, A Alexander, D Sidler, J Alves, GP Hadley, A Numanoglu, ...
Pediatric surgery international 24 (6), 677-683 , 2008
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Global initiative for children’s surgery: a model of global collaboration to advance the surgical care of children
Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery, N Wright, G Jensen, E St‐Louis, ...
World Journal of Surgery 43 (6), 1416-1425 , 2019
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Citations: 68
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SW Moore, AJW Millar, GP Hadley, G Ionescu, M Kruger, J Poole, ...
Cancer: Interdisciplinary International Journal of the American Cancer … , 2004
2004
Citations: 68
Optimal resources for children’s surgical care: executive summary
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2019
Citations: 53
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SW Moore, M Kirsten, EW Muüller, A Numanoglu, M Chitnis, E Le Grange, ...
Journal of infectious diseases 202 (Supplement_1), S156-S161 , 2010
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Citations: 49
Paediatric surgical outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
NJ Wright, ER Smith, A Bisquera, AL John-Chukwuemeka, TA Lawal, ...
BMJ global health 6 (9) , 2021
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Evaluation of intussusception after oral monovalent rotavirus vaccination in South Africa
MJ Groome, JE Tate, M Arnold, M Chitnis, S Cox, C De Vos, M Kirsten, ...
Clinical Infectious Diseases 70 (8), 1606-1612 , 2020
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Clinical presentation and management of childhood intussusception in South Africa
S Cox, A Withers, M Arnold, M Chitnis, C De Vos, M Kirsten, ...
Pediatric Surgery International 37 (10), 1361-1370 , 2021
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with paediatric cancer in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, observational cohort study
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BMJ open 12 (4), e054690 , 2022
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Preoperative angioembolisation for life-threatening haemorrhage from Wilms’ tumour: a case report
M Chitnis, SK Chowdhary, C Lazarus
Pediatric Surgery International 20 (4), 290-291 , 2004
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Citations: 15
Prevalence of gastroschisis and its neonatal mortality in the Eastern Cape Province tertiary institutions
SS Machaea, MR Chitnis, P Nongena
African Journal of Paediatric Surgery 20 (1), 46-50 , 2023
2023
Citations: 10
Twelve-month observational study of children with cancer in 41 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
S Bandyopadhyay, N Peter, K Lakhoo, SCV Abib, H Abdelhafeez, ...
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Hypothyroldism in a neonate following excision of a cervical teratoma
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Pediatric surgery international 14 (3), 212-213 , 1998
1998
Citations: 8
Application of the Malone antegrade continence enema principle in degenerative leiomyopathy
M Chitnis, S Chowdhary, C Lazarus
Pediatric surgery international 17 (5), 470-471 , 2001
2001
Citations: 6
Laparoscopically inserted button colostomy as a venting stoma and access port for the administration of antegrade enemas in African degenerative leiomyopathy
M Chitnis, C Lazarus, I Simango, M Elsen, C Van Rensburg, D Von Delft, ...
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Trauma and sexual abuse in children—Epidemiology, challenges, management strategies and prevention in lower-and middle-income countries
AE Ali, S Sharma, OA Elebute, A Ademuyiwa, NZ Mashavave, M Chitnis, ...
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery 32 (6), 151356 , 2023
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Citations: 4
GAPS phase II: development and pilot results of the global assessment in pediatric surgery, an evidence-based pediatric surgical capacity assessment tool for low-resource settings
Y Yousef, S Cairo, E St-Louis, LF Goodman, DM Hamad, R Baird, ...
Pediatric Surgery International 40 (1), 158 , 2024
2024
Citations: 3
An international consensus survey among pediatric surgeons on the role of appendectomy in malrotation
R Menon, KJ Rathod, A Sinha, A Minocha, CG Hernandez, D Jiang, ...
Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons 29 (3), 256-260 , 2024
2024
Citations: 3

Publications

Abdelbasit E Ali, Shilpa Sharma, Olumide A Elebute, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Noxolo Z. Mashavave, Milind Chitnis, Simone Abib, Fazal Nouman Wahid Trauma and sexual abuse in children—Epidemiology, challenges, management strategies and prevention in lower and middle-income countries Seminars in Pediatric Surgery Volume 32, Issue 6, December 2023,
151356

• Machaea SS, Chitnis MR, Nongena P. Prevalence of gastroschisis and its neonatal mortality in the Eastern Cape Province tertiary institutions. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2023; 20:46-50 DOI: 10.4103/

• Evaluation of Intussusception After Oral Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination in South Africa
Michelle J Groome, Jacqueline E Tate, Marion Arnold, Milind Chitnis, Sharon Cox, Corné de Vos, Mari Kirsten, Susanna M le Grange, Jerome Loveland, Sello Machaea,
Ashwini Maharaj, Nick Andrews, Shabir A Madhi, Umesh D Parashar
Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciz431,
• Collaborating author: Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery: A Model of Global Collaboration to Advance the Surgical Care of Children World Journal of Surgery
June 2019, Volume 43, Issue 6, pp 1416–1425
doi: 10.1007/s00268-018-04887-8.

• Chitnis M, Lazarus C, Simango I, Elsen M, von Delft D, van Rensburg C, Tovell Trollope L. Laparoscopically inserted button col

Industry, Institute, or Organisation Collaboration

Pan African Paediatric Surgical Association
Global Initiative for Children's Surgery
South African Association of Paediatric Surgeons
Eyabantwan for the Children Trust

INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE

Paediatric Surgery- clinical and training