Next-generation blue OLED emitters: efficiency, color purity, and the road to BT.2020 Tejas Dhanalaxmi Raju, Meghana Tirupati, Nahyun Kim, Subramanian Muruganantham, Pavan Kumar Odugu, Arul Varman Kesavan, Jang Hyuk Kwon, Tae Geun Kim Materials Horizons, 2026 This review summarizes molecular and device engineering strategies that enable ultranarrow, efficient, and stable deep-blue MR-TADF OLEDs, highlighting sensitization, exciton management, and pathways toward BT.2020 color compliance.
Ultra-Thin 2D/2D Material Heterojunction for Next-Generation Solar Cells Indumathi Elango, Dheebanathan Azhakanantham, Muthamizh Selvamani, Krishna Prakash Arunachalam, Arul Varman Kesavan Advanced Theory and Simulations, 2025 Heterojunction solar cells are a notable improvement in solar cell technology, distinguished by the interface created by two distinct semiconductor materials. However, high manufacturing costs and complexity in the production process have limited the use of traditional HJTs. Given the current trend in solar cells toward using thinner absorber layers, it is evident that 2D materials with atomically thin structures and high flexibility are the most suitable options for integrating with next‐gen solar cell technology. Phosphorene, a recently emerged 2D material that has exceptional carrier mobility (≈4000 cm2 V−1 s−1), tunable bandgap (≈0.3 to 2 eV) and better mechanical flexibility has gained immense attention in various fields. On the other hand, MoS2 a member of transition metal dichalcogenides possess tunable bandgap (≈1.2–2 eV), high carrier mobility (≈200 cm2 V−1 s−1) and huge surface area making them highly suitable for a wide variety of applications. In this work, SCAPS‐1D simulation using 2D/2D material heterojunction solar cell is carried out for ITO/phosphorene/MoS2/Al device. The simulation focused on modifying bandgap and defect density (Nt) of 2D semiconductors. Furthermore, impact of input light intensity on device performance are studied.
V-Gap Engineered Graphitic Carbon Nitride as an Electron Transport Layer for Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells: Experimental and Simulation Studies Dheebanathan Azhakanantham, Muthamizh Selvamani, Arul Varman Kesavan ACS Applied Energy Materials, 2025 In pursuit of improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells, investigation of various types of electron transport materials has gained significant attention. Among them, two-dimensional material graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is one. In this study, g-C 3 N 4 was investigated as an electron transport layer for hybrid perovskite solar cells. To study the effect of solar cell efficiency, devices with and without g-C 3 N 4 were fabricated. The g-C 3 N 4 -incorporated device (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI 3 /Nafion:g-C 3 N 4 /Al) exhibited an improved power conversion efficiency of ∼13% compared to the reference device ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI 3 /Nafion/Al, i.e., ∼9%. Further, the device level mechanism and solar cell properties were analyzed by device simulations. The experimental and simulations studies suggested that the significant change in efficiency could be due to efficient charge transfer across the interface and reduced recombination. This finding paves the way for further exploration of graphitic carbon nitride as a transport layer in perovskite solar cells. The successful optimization of the g-C 3 N 4 transport layer may offer a stable and cost-effective transport layer for perovskite solar cells.
Exploration of Nonvolatile Memory and Synaptic Learning of a Metal-Organic Framework (ZIF-67) and 2D Material (MoS2) Composite Memristor Indumathi Elango, Dhananjay D Kumbhar, Yash. V Ambole, Mohammedali Abdullah, Amitkumar R. Patil, Muthamizh Selvamani, Tukaram D. Dongale, Tae Geun Kim, Arul Varman Kesavan ACS Applied Electronic Materials, 2025 Nanocomposites incorporating zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are highly promising for next-generation electronics, offering unique properties that are crucial for sustainable development. In particular, the use of composite-based memristors to emulate artificial synapses, termed neuromorphic memristors, has greatly propelled the advancement of bioinspired electronics. In this study, we demonstrate the nonvolatile memory and synaptic learning properties of the ZIF-67–MoS2 nanocomposite memristor device. The synthesized ZIF-67, MoS2, and ZIF-67–MoS2 composites were characterized by various analytical tools. The fabricated Ag/ZIF-67–MoS2/FTO device exhibits outstanding bipolar resistive switching behavior, enabling artificial biosynaptic emulation with continuous resistance modulation. The device demonstrates excellent cyclic reproducibility and reliability, with stable retention behaviors observed for up to 50,000 s. This device exhibits a unique switching property, which leads to bioinspired long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD), making it suitable for nonvolatile digital memory and neuromorphic computing applications alike. The synaptic functionality of the memristor was assessed using a spiking neural network (SNN) for MNIST handwritten digit recognition, achieving an accuracy of 86.26%. This underscores the potential of the ZIF-67–MoS2 nanocomposite as a potential material in the development of high-performance neuromorphic computing systems.
Advancements in perovskites for solar cell commercialization: A review Tejas Dhanalaxmi Raju, Vignesh Murugadoss, Kiran A. Nirmal, Tukaram D. Dongale, Arul Varman Kesavan, Tae Geun Kim Advanced Powder Materials, 2025 The efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has progressed rapidly, exceeding 26% for single-junction devices and surpassing 34% in perovskite-silicon tandem configurations, establishing PSCs as a promising alternative to traditional photovoltaic technologies . However, their commercialization is constrained by significant stability challenges in outdoor environments. This review critically examines key cell-level issues affecting the long-term performance and reliability of PSCs, focusing on instabilities arising from the intrinsic phases of the perovskite absorber and external stress factors. Mitigation strategies to enhance stability are discussed, alongside recent advancements in charge transport layers, electrodes, and interfaces aimed at reducing environmental degradation and improving energy level alignment for efficient charge extraction. The importance of accelerated aging tests and the establishment of standardized protocols is underscored for accurately predicting device lifetimes and identifying failure mechanisms, thereby ensuring stability under real-world conditions. Furthermore, a comprehensive techno-economic analysis evaluates how advancements in materials and strategic innovations influence efficiency, durability, and cost, which are critical for the commercial adoption of PSCs. This review delineates the essential steps required to transition PSC technology from laboratory-scale research to widespread commercialization within the global photovoltaic industry.
Highly Selective and Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Guanine and Adenine Using AuNCs/MXene Composite V Vinoth, M Selvamani, AV Kesavan, K Shanmugaraj, R Michael, ... Surfaces and Interfaces, 108920 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) based metal-organic framework for neuromorphic computing: Resistive switching and bio-synaptic characteristics M Abdullah, AR Patil, PP Patil, RK Kamat, TD Dongale, TG Kim, ... Solid State Sciences, 108286 , 2026 2026
Electrochemical Characterisation and Antibacterial Studies of Zn-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanocomposites G Sudha, JT Anandhi, AR Baby Suganthi, C Karuppaiah, AV Kesavan, ... BioNanoScience 16 (2), 157 , 2026 2026
Next-generation blue OLED emitters: efficiency, color purity, and the road to BT. 2020 TD Raju, M Tirupati, N Kim, S Muruganantham, PK Odugu, AV Kesavan, ... Materials Horizons , 2026 2026
Ultra‐Thin 2D/2D Material Heterojunction for Next‐Generation Solar Cells I Elango, D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, KP Arunachalam, AV Kesavan Advanced Theory and Simulations 8 (9), 2500288 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Fabrication of NiO/V2O5 nanocomposite as photocatalyst for cationic dye degradation and its pathway PJ Sebatine, RB Shivani, SS Celshia, S Muthamizh, K Shanmugaraj, ... Ceramics International , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
V-Gap Engineered Graphitic Carbon Nitride as an Electron Transport Layer for Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells: Experimental and Simulation Studies D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, AV Kesavan ACS Applied Energy Materials 8 (12), 8139-8147 , 2025 2025 Citations: 9
Exploration of Nonvolatile Memory and Synaptic Learning of a Metal–Organic Framework (ZIF-67) and 2D Material (MoS 2 ) Composite Memristor I Elango, D D Kumbhar, Y V Ambole, M Abdullah, AR Patil, M Selvamani, ... ACS Applied Electronic Materials 7 (11), 4972-4980 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Advancements in perovskites for solar cell commercialization: A review TD Raju, V Murugadoss, KA Nirmal, TD Dongale, AV Kesavan, TG Kim Advanced Powder Materials 4 (2), 100275 , 2025 2025 Citations: 95
Electro-Thermal extraction of aragonite and its Photocatalytic, Supercapacitor, and resistive switching applications C Karuppaiah, D Azhakanantham, G Arumugam, KA Nirmal, AC Khot, ... Materials Science and Engineering: B 313, 117916 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
In Vitro Assessment on Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Traits of Chemically Synthesized Polyaniline/ZrO 2 -Ag Nanohybrid S Sampurnam, S Muthamizh, A Khusro, KA Varman, V Narayanan BioNanoScience 15 (1), 68 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Bi 2 W 2 O 9 Nanoflakes Synthesized via a Hydrothermal Method: Antibacterial Potency and Cytotoxicity Evaluation on Human Dermal Fibroblasts M Selvamani, D Elangovan, A Alsalme, AV Kesavan, ... ACS omega 10 (6), 5468-5477 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Forthright synthesis of titanium-based MXene nanosheets for bio-synaptic device applications: A novel approach D Azhakanantham, T Al Zoubi, M AlGharram, M Al-Hmoud, KH Ibnauof, ... Ceramics International 51 (1), 259-266 , 2025 2025 Citations: 8
Validating the Novel Electron Transport Layer with the Use of Experimentally Studied D18: Y6 Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell C Karuppaiah, D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, SK Perumal, MA Alotaibi, ... Advanced Theory and Simulations 8 (1), 2400725 , 2025 2025
Advancements in 2D layered material memristors: unleashing their potential beyond memory KA Nirmal, DD Kumbhar, AV Kesavan, TD Dongale, TG Kim npj 2D Materials and Applications 8 (1), 83 , 2024 2024 Citations: 103
MoS 2 as an alternate for Spiro-OMeTAD HTL in high-efficiency perovskite photovoltaics: simulation and experimental results analysis C Karuppaiah, D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, TD Dongale, MA Alotaibi, ... Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 35 (30), 1936 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
A combined experimental and simulation study of multiphase bimetallic iodides semiconductor solar cell C Karuppaiah, D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, AV Kesavan Electrochimica Acta 498, 144701 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Absorption-induced external quantum efficiency modulation in organic nanocrystals incorporated organic solar cells D Azhakanantham, VN Viswanathan, M Selvamani, AV Kesavan, ... Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 35 (27), 1803 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Poly (aniline-co-pyrrole) incorporated Ag@ Ag2MoO4 nanocomposites: In situ synthesis and nanomolar detection of environmental pollutant 4-nitrophenol M Selvamani, P Annamalai, KA Dahlous, S Mohammad, B Subramanian, ... Electrochimica Acta 497, 144531 , 2024 2024 Citations: 15
Metal-organic framework and MXene (ZIF-8: Ti3C2Tx) based organic and inorganic nanocomposite for bio-synaptic applications M Abdullah, I Elango, H Patil, PP Patil, D Aloysius, S Gupta, M Selvamani, ... Surfaces and Interfaces 51, 104708 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Ti 3 C 2 -Based MXene Oxide Nanosheets for Resistive Memory and Synaptic Learning Applications AC Khot, TD Dongale, JH Park, AV Kesavan, TG Kim ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 13 (4), 5216-5227 , 2021 2021 Citations: 209
Advancements in 2D layered material memristors: unleashing their potential beyond memory KA Nirmal, DD Kumbhar, AV Kesavan, TD Dongale, TG Kim npj 2D Materials and Applications 8 (1), 83 , 2024 2024 Citations: 103
Advancements in perovskites for solar cell commercialization: A review TD Raju, V Murugadoss, KA Nirmal, TD Dongale, AV Kesavan, TG Kim Advanced Powder Materials 4 (2), 100275 , 2025 2025 Citations: 95
Studying VOC in lead free inorganic perovskite photovoltaics by tuning energy bandgap and defect density I Elango, M Selvamani, PC Ramamurthy, AV Kesavan Ceramics International 48 (19), 29414-29420 , 2022 2022 Citations: 53
Hybrid nanocomposite films of polyvinyl alcohol and ZnO as interactive gas barrier layers for electronics device passivation S Gupta, S Sindhu, KA Varman, PC Ramamurthy, G Madras RSC advances 2 (30), 11536-11543 , 2012 2012 Citations: 44
Exploring novel HTL suitable for Eco-friendly and high performance FASnI3 photovoltaics D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, TG Kim, D Contreras, AV Kesavan Materials Science and Engineering: B 284, 115909 , 2022 2022 Citations: 42
Microwave synthesis of β -Cu 2 V 2 O 7 nanorods: structural, electrochemical supercapacitance, and photocatalytic properties S Muthamizh, J Yesuraj, R Jayavel, D Contreras, K Arul Varman, ... Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 32 (3), 2744-2756 , 2021 2021 Citations: 41
Tailoring optoelectronic properties of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite photovoltaics using al nanoparticle modified PC61BM layer AV Kesavan, AD Rao, PC Ramamurthy Solar Energy 201, 621-627 , 2020 2020 Citations: 40
Low cost, trouble-free disposable pencil graphite electrode sensor for the simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and catechol TSSK Naik, AV Kesavan, BEK Swamy, S Singh, AG Anil, V Madhavi, ... Materials Chemistry and Physics 278, 125663 , 2022 2022 Citations: 32
Work function-tunable amorphous carbon–silver nanocomposite hybrid electrode for optoelectronic applications AV Kesavan, BR Lee, KR Son, AC Khot, TD Dongale, V Murugadoss, ... ACS applied materials & interfaces 13 (3), 4284-4293 , 2021 2021 Citations: 29
Molecular-level architectural design using benzothiadiazole-based polymers for photovoltaic applications VN Viswanathan, AD Rao, UK Pandey, AV Kesavan, PC Ramamurthy Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 13 (1), 863-873 , 2017 2017 Citations: 28
Interface electrode morphology effect on carrier concentration and trap defect density in an organic photovoltaic device AV Kesavan, AD Rao, PC Ramamurthy ACS applied materials & interfaces 9 (34), 28774-28784 , 2017 2017 Citations: 27
Design and construction of heterostructured Zn2V2O7 cubes and hexagons as an electrode material for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor applications S Muthamizh, MS Hossain, A Alsulmi, RR Macadangdang Jr, ... Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 660, 215-225 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Light management through up-conversion and scattering mechanism of rare earth nanoparticle in polymer photovoltaics AV Kesavan, MP Kumar, AD Rao, PC Ramamurthy Optical Materials 94, 286-293 , 2019 2019 Citations: 23
Bi2MoO6 nano-flowers for Bi-functional application: Anticancer activity against B16F10 (Mice melanoma) and photocatalytic dye degradation M Selvamani, S Balachandran, AV Kesavan, V Vinoth Surfaces and Interfaces 42, 103340 , 2023 2023 Citations: 19
In-situ synthesized poly (vinyl butyral)/MMT-clay nanocomposites: The role of degree of acetalization and clay content on thermal, mechanical and permeability properties of PVB … S Saravanan, KMA Gowda, KA Varman, PC Ramamurthy, G Madras Composites Science and Technology 117, 417-427 , 2015 2015 Citations: 19
Synthesis of ZnWO 4 nanorods: the photocatalytic effects on RhB dye degradation upon irradiation with sunlight light M Selvamani, A Alsulmi, A Sundaramoorthy, S Vadivel, AV Kesavan Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 34 (31), 2094 , 2023 2023 Citations: 18
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Flower-like MnMoO 4 Nanostructures and Their Photocatalytic Performance M Selvamani, A Kesavan, A Arulraj, PC Ramamurthy, M Rahaman, ... Materials 17 (7), 1451 , 2024 2024 Citations: 17
Optical and electronic property tailoring by MoS2-polymer hybrid solar cell AV Kesavan, AD Rao, PC Ramamurthy Organic Electronics 48, 138-146 , 2017 2017 Citations: 17
MoS 2 as an alternate for Spiro-OMeTAD HTL in high-efficiency perovskite photovoltaics: simulation and experimental results analysis C Karuppaiah, D Azhakanantham, M Selvamani, TD Dongale, MA Alotaibi, ... Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 35 (30), 1936 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16