Synergistic Herbal–Synthetic Nanoemulgel of Colchicine and Nigella sativa for Enhanced Skin Permeation and Sustained In Vitro Drug Release in Gout Therapy Iram Jahan, Garima Garg, Gaurav Gaurav International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology, 2025 Aims: The objective of this study was to formulate and characterise a synergistic nanoemulgel that integrates colchicine and Nigella sativa oil to enhance transdermal distribution and sustain the release of medicine for gout therapy. Background: Colchicine, a conventional therapy for gout, suffers from low oral bioavailability and gastrointestinal side effects. Nigella sativa oil, with bio-enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties, offers potential to improve drug permeation and therapeutic efficacy when integrated into nanoemulgel systems. Methods: We used a Box–Behnken experimental design to identify optimal nanoemulsion formulations using PEG 200, Tween 20, and Nigella sativa oil. Nanoemulgels were synthesised by combining the optimised nanoemulsion with Carbopol 940 gel. Franz diffusion cells were used to evaluate the formulations for droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, and in vitro release. FTIR spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the structure. Results: The optimised nanoemulgel exhibited a droplet size of 62.23 ± 1.68 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.40 ± 0.05, a pH of 6.6 ± 0.34, and a drug content of 99.12 ± 1.12%. In vitro studies of drug release showed that colchicine was released consistently throughout six hours at a rate of 89.4 ± 4.0%, whereas the colchicine solution exhibited rapid release. Nigella sativa oil facilitated enhanced absorption and potential synergistic effects. Conclusion: The synergistic herbal–synthetic nanoemulgel combining colchicine and Nigella sativa oil presents a promising strategy for enhanced transdermal delivery and sustained drug release in gout management.
HPTLC-and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics and Network Pharmacological Targets of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees and Lavandula angustifolia Moench for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction Mansi Aggarwal, Rustam Ekbbal, Garima Garg Natural Resources for Human Health, 2025 Both <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> and <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> are traditionally known Indian medicinal plants recognized for their wide range of therapeutic effects. However, quality standardization and biomolecular therapeutic aspects are to be explored for ensuring their safety, efficacy, and authenticity. The present study investigates the pharmacological potential of <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> and <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> through a comprehensive approach, such as phytochemical screening, <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant assays, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and network pharmacology analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed presence of flavonoids, phenolics, and glycosides for biological activities. <i>In vitro</i> antioxidant assays demonstrated significant free radical scavenging potential, suggesting their role in managing oxidative stress-related diseases. HPTLC and LC-MS analyses identified key bioactive compounds, such as andrographolide, digoxin, quercetin, ferulic acid, and linalool. Network pharmacology analysis revealed interactions with crucial proteins, including interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, Ak strain transforming 1, and epidermal growth factor receptor, indicating their involvement in inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular pathways. DisGeNET (Gene Disease Database) analysis further linked these compounds to diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, fatty liver disease, myocardial infarction, and neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting their broad therapeutic applications. Integration of these analytical techniques provides strong evidence of the medicinal value of these plants, supporting their potential for drug development. The polypharmacological nature of the identified compounds suggests their ability to modulate multiple targets, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing adverse effects. This study demonstrates the importance of <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> and <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> in traditional medicine and their potential role in modern pharmacology, and provides the way for new plant-based therapeutic interventions to manage complex diseases, effectively.
Sustainable Finance and Climate Stability: The Impact of ESG and Green Bonds Vikas Sharma, Tarun Kumar Vashishth, Anuj Kumar, Poonam Bhardwaj, Garima Garg, Priyanka Rana, Sachin Chaudhary Impacts of Climate Risk and Energy Consumption on Financial Markets, 2025 The urgency of climate change has placed financial markets in a position to lead the sustainability transition. Green financial products—such as green bonds, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) frameworks, and generally, sustainable finance—are becoming one of the most important approaches to leveraging finance for low-carbon resilience. This chapter argues that these finance products are climate risk management tools, as they link finance flows to climate outcomes, incentivize responsible investment, and transparently disclose market actions and outcomes. The chapter examines asymmetrical growth and future potential in financing renewable energy and climate-resilient infrastructure via green bonds and how ESG practices are applied in capital decisions and corporate governance. Furthermore, the chapter argues that sustainable finance can reduce exposure to climate risks while creating opportunities for innovation, resilient business practices, and value-generating results in global markets.
Development and Characterization of Novel co-processed excipients to enhance compressibility profile for Formulation of Tablet Dosage Form Richa Singh, Prashant Kumar, Rahul Chaudhary, Arun Kumar, Shiv Bahadur, Garima Garg Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2022 The present work deals with the development of a novel co-processed excipients using melt- granulation technique that would serve as an inbuilt multifunction adjuvant and can be used for the preparation of tablet as solid dosage form with poorly compressible drugs like Paracetamol, Diclofenac, and Ibuprofen etc. by direct compression method. In the formulation DCP (Dicalcium phosphate) and Potato Starch were used as a filler in 2:1 ratio; Croscarmellose as a superdisintegrant and 20% w/v PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol) as a binder, to develop the co-processed excipient. This resulted in formation of co-processed agglomerates, which had exhibited better flowability, compressibility and compaction properties when compared to an individual excipient and/or the physical mixture of compounds. Being a poorly compressible drug, PCM (Paracetamol) was used as a model drug to prepare tablets. The finally developed tablet dosage form of PCM along with co-processed excipient, were subjected to Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) study to ensure the absence of any drug-excipient interaction. The dosage form was also evaluated for capping and lamination to assure the better compressibility profile. The surface characteristics of developed co-processed agglomerated mass was characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). From the results obtained, it was concluded that the co-processed excipient is superior in flowability and compression characteristics in comparison to the physical mixture of excipients and individual components both. FTIR studies explained that there is no drug-excipient interaction and SEM also shown the spherical shapes of the agglomerated mass proving the better flowability properties of co-processed excipients.
Preparation, characterization and evaluation of ranitidine hydrochloride-loaded mucoadhesive microspheres. Polimery W Medycynie, 2014
Effect of stabilizing solvent on the preparation of nimesulide loaded gelatin microspheres Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2011
Fast dissolving films: A review Ankita Chaturvedi, Pranati Srivastava, Sunita Yadav, Mayank Bansal, Garima Garg, Pramod Kumar Sharma Current Drug Delivery, 2011 Fast-dissolving drug delivery systems have been developed as an alternative to conventional dosage form as an oral means of drug delivery in case of chronic conditions. Now a day's fast dissolving films are preferred over conventional tablets and capsules for masking the taste of bitter drugs to increase the patient compliance. Fast dissolving films consist of a very thin oral strip which dissolves in less than one minute when placed on the tongue. Dissolvable oral thin films are in the market since past few years in the form of breath strips and are widely accepted by consumers for delivering vitamins, vaccines and other drug products. The various manufacturing techniques for the preparation of films have also been detailed in the review. The present review details most of the patents on such fast dissolving films in recent years. A brief study has been made on various parameters which are used to evaluate such films. In case of chronic disorders these fast dissolving films are better for delivering drugs and obtaining faster therapeutic blood levels and superior in comparison to other oral conventional dosage forms.
Review on nasal drug delivery system with recent advancemnt International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011
Natural products as preservatives International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2010
Nanospheres: A novel approach for targeted drug delivery system International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2010
Application of ferrofluid: As a targeted drug delivery system in nanotechnology International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2010
Fast dissolving tablets: Preparation, characterization and evaluation: An overview International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2010
Hydrogels: A review International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2010
Design and in vitro evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal films containing famotidine International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010
To compare the disintegrating property of papaya starch and sago starch in paracetamol tablets International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010
